Reliable surface pressure and indoor wind speed data from model buildings in boundary layer wind tunnels can only be expected if appropriate modeling parameters are considered carefully. Modeling parameters to examine when planning boundary layer wind tunnel studies of indoor airflow and external surface pressures due to wind are identified, and criteria for assessment are suggested.
Two techniques for estimating natural wind airflow through buildings for comfort cooling utilizing data derived from boundary layer wind tunnel studies are presented. One method is based on pressure and discharge coefficients. The other uses wind speed coefficients determined from model studies in a boundary layer wind tunnel.
Spatio-temporal measurements of a fluctuating pressure field acting on the side faces of a square prism of finite height in boundary-layer flows are presented for a zero degree angle of attack. Two typical neutral atmospheric flow conditions
For the transient analysis of the thermal and moisture conditions in multilayer constructions a numerical algorithm and a computer program based on the Crank-Nicholson method and quasi linearisation are formulated. Temperature and moisture content are used as transport potentials. In energy balance equations and conditions, convention and accumulation of moisture, the diffusion flow of water vapour, the capillary and surface diffusion flow of liquid water and the viscous flow of humid air and water are considered. The boundary layer and interfacial balance equations are derived.
Tests a large office building, consisting of several octagonal towers and other blocks in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Determines the highest suction pressures which are relevant for the fixing of the cladding. Uses a tracer gas method to determine recirculation problems of the ventilation system inlets and outlets resulting from the arrangement of octagonal towers of different heights. Wind velocities on the flat roof of some towers are studied by meansof an erosion technique using flour, checks the accuracy of the method using hot wire measurements.
States that it is accepted practice to determine wind effects on and around a building by measurements in a scaled model in a boundary-layer wind tunnel. At large scales of reproduction it is impossible to simulate the entire depth of the atm
Describes results from wind-tunnel tests on models of the Building Research Establishment's experimental building at Aylesbury. The use of several scale models of this building in uniform and in simulated atmospheric boundary-layer flows together with the results from the full-scale experiments allow an assessment of the effect of variations in the ratio of the longitudinal- turbulence integral length scale to body dimension.
Reports investigation of mean and fluctuating pressure inside buildings, induced by wind using boundary layer wind tunnel and computer simulation techniques. Mean and root-mean-square fluctuating internal pressure coefficients were both found to be monotonic functions of the ratio of windward to leeward opening areas.< The case of a single windward opening was treated as a damped Helmholtz resonator.
A short note giving formulae for the design of spires for use in simulating the planetary boundary layer. Gives expressions for the height and base length of triangular spires which will produce given values of the boundary layer thickness and power-law exponent. Gives comparisons of calculated values with experimental data.
Gives a brief historical review of the development of wind engineering as a discipline. Discusses the simulation of wind loads on buildings, the development of boundary layer wind tunnels and problems in modelling the natural wind. Describes modelling of the aerolastic behaviour of buildings andof stack gas diffusion. Describes instrumentation and measurement techniques. Indicates areas requiring further development.
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