This study aims to introduce a methodology which enables to revise the limit values of overallheat transfer coefficient in accordance with the building form from thermal comfort andenergy conservation point of view.In order to prevent excess heat loss, building should be designed as passive heating system.Overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of building envelope and building form can beconsidered as the most important parameters of the passive heating system. Therefore, U-valueof building envelope should be determined depending on building form.
Predicting the movement of smoke in a naturally ventilated building is a difficult process for architects and design engineers alike. A software model developed by the Fire Research Station may provide a solution.
Natural ventilation in office buildings can sometimes offer other advantages than traditionalmechanical ventilation systems. Often natural ventilation systems are promoted at an earlystage by an architect, but perceived dificulties, e.g. to pre-determine the function of a naturalventilation system, can serve as a barrier and a mechanical system is often chosen instead.
Recent ASHRAE forums have revealed an increased interest in information and guidance relative to designing and applying ventilation systems for areas where smoking is permitted. There are few data currently available through ASHRAE for the engineer challenged with designing a cigar bar, a smoking lounge, or a bar or restaurant with smoking permitted. This paper applies laboratory data about the acceptance of environmental tobacco smoke to real-world applications.
ASHRAE currently provides little practical information for optimizing the design of a cigar or smoking lounge, although recent ASHRAE forums have indicated an increased interest in this area. This paper provides a summary of the measurement of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) from cigarettes or cigars, the manner in which ETS concentration varies with rates of smoking and ventilation, and the relationship between ETS concentration and indoor air quality.
The paper reports on progress to date on the development of a model for predicting energy use and the effect of conservation strategies in non-domestic buildings in the tropic and subtropics. This model considers lighting loads (L), both artificial and daylight, thermal loads (T) and ventilation effects (V). It is hoped, that when completed in late 1998, the model will provide a Lighting, Thermal, and Ventilation (LTV) advocacy tool for use in the early stages of the design processes of engineers and architects. This will provide vital feedback to the early design decisions.
This paper considers the building's envelope in the design phase. Energy related decisions during the design phase have great influence on the life cycle cost of the building. Since sunlight and climate are changing factors, the envelope is equipped with mobile and adaptable components (shading devices, movable insulation, opening window schedules ...) which can react to climatic conditions. Architects use computer aided design tools to describe a building and its envelope.
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