An integrated IAQ model has been developed for prediction of Volatile Organic Compounds emission rate of building material and concentration distribution within a material.Experimental data have validated the model predictions. The results of the experiment tallied with the model predictions.
This paper gives the description of a four-factor simulation design and a statistical procedure for analyzing material VOC time sensitivities with regard to the following parameter variations : VOC diffusion coefficient, VOC partition coefficient, material thickness, surface air velocity, along with their interaction effects.
A new generally applicable model for calculating the surface emissions of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) from building materials and the VOC instantaneous distributions in the materials is developed. Different from the mass transferbased models in the literature, it doesnt neglect the mass transfer resistance through the air phase boundary layer. Results obtained by using the presented model are validated with experiments from the literature. By normalizing the model, the
Descibes an inter-laboratory comparison between 18 labs from 10 European countries to improve the procedure used to measure VOC emitted from samples of building materials and products in small test chambers.
A zonal model was developed to predict temperatures and moisture in a room taking into account the adsorption/desorption by building materials. Results show how adsorption/desorption influences the moisture field.
A design procedure of material and hybrid ventilation systems is described. It includes a climate suitability analysis, a loop equation design method and a detailed multizone coupled thermal-airflow analysis using CONTAM97R software.
Describes how laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the susceptibility of three types of ventilation duct materials to fungal growth. They were fibrous glass ductboard, galvanized steel, and insulated flexible duct. The results showed that only the flexible duct supported moderate growth of P. chrysogenum. The other duct materials showed no growth. Soiling with dust from residential heating and air conditioning systems increased the susceptibility of all three types, albeit at different levels of soiling, with the galvanized steel the least susceptible.
Following a sensory panel assessment of perceived air quality, proposes the use of a simple measurement method based on a dilution system connected to a ventilated small-scale test chamber in order to characterise the emissions from materials in sensory and chemical terms.
Describes a study of the emissions from five commonly used building products: three floor coverings - PVC, floor varnish on beechwood parquet and nylon carpet on a latex foam backing; an acrylic sealant and a waterborne wall paint on gypsum board. Small scale test chambers were used over 50 days. A sensory panel was used to assess odour intensity and VOCs were measured. Emissions were studied under two or three different area-specific ventilation rates.
The emission factors from solvent based paint on stainless steel plates have been studied in three different climate controlled rooms. After equilibrium conditions had been achieved in these rooms, the results were practically the same. The study shows that the effects of sorption, changes in ventilation and air velocity do not affect the results, and it is thus possible to develop a calculation model which can incorporate emission factors.
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