District cooling system

District Energy Systems (DES), e.g. District Cooling Systems (DCS) and District Heating Systems (DHS), have been widely applied in large institutions in the United States, such as universities, government facilities, commercial districts, airports etc. The hydraulic system of a large DES can be very complicated. They often stem from an original design that has had extensive additions and deletions over time. Expanding or retrofitting such a system involves large capital investment. Consideration of future expansion is often required.

District cooling system (DCS) is a mass-scale production of chilled water generated at a central andremote chiller plant. Through an underground piping network, the chilled water is delivered to serve agroup of consumer buildings in a district area. DCS can offer both economical and environmentalbenefits. Because of the substantial capital investment and running energy involved, an optimal designof the distribution piping network is one of the crucial factors for successful implementation of thedistrict cooling scheme.