Describes the network procedure for calculating the most energy-conserving and economical form of natural ventilation of a building. Provides application examples in the form of the determination of mass air flows through doors and windows and cracks in industrial work sheds. Provides the results of a calculation of crack ventilation in winter with mechanical ventilation with positive pressure, plus optimisation of air flow through a cooling bed for hot rolled steel sections.
Discusses two main methods of fan-assisted air supply to a room - mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. Gives a detailed account of the effects which furniture and the opening of doors have on a room and discussses factors such as vertical temperature variations, air velocity at floor level. Illustrates these effects in diagram form. Notes difficulty in translating older comfort criteria for use in displacement ventilation.
Factsheet includes useful chart on glazing materials. Gives basic advice on limiting heat loss from doors and windows, together with recommendations for materials and installation, Also deals with the new hi tech windows using heat reflective film, and problems of condens- ation.
Draughtproofing the windows and external doors of UK dwellings can be an effective and relatively inexpensive means of comfort and reducing heat loss by natural ventilation. In most situations, draughtproofing is unlikely tocause any deterioration in the quality of indoor air. There are however a number of simple checks which should be made prior to installation to ensure that the ventilation requirements of the dwelling and its occupants are satisfied.
The current industry standard for measuring air leakage of windows, curtain walls, and doors is ASTM E283. This test measures the ability of fenestration products to resist air leakage under ideal laboratory conditions which usually are at s
A pilot test series has been performed to study the possibility of using carbon dioxide produced by the burners of a test furnace as a tracer gas to measure the fire gas leakage of door assemblies. The experiments show that a test method based on tracer gas techniques can be developed avoiding thedrawbacks of the proposed ISO test method DP 5925 Part 3 based on the use of an enclosure. The investigated method works well for leakage measurements in ambient and medium temperature ranges. A special test door suitable for theoretical estimation of leakage rates was used in the test.
A multicell air flow computer program is used to determine the influence of 1) open windows and 2) closed internal doors on the ventilation rate of a semi-detached house. The changes in interzone air movement and room air change rates are also examined. Tracer gas field measurements used to validate the multicell program show good agreement with the predicted values. Results show that opening windows can alter significantly, not only the overall ventilation rate of the building, but also the individual air change rates in rooms.
Includes papers on pitched roofs, flat roofs, wall construction, window and door joints, and weathertightness and water penetration of buildings. The focus is mainly on water penetration but air infiltration and ventilation are also discussed.
This paper describes a series of ventilation measurements carried out in two small factory units situated on an industrial estate in Newport, South Wales. One of the factories is typical of current design, and the other is designed to be of greater energy efficiency in terms of increased levels of insulation and reduced air infiltration rate.
Reviews the existing standards of the AIC participating countries for whole buildings, windows, doors and building sections. Comments on the factors that should be taken into account in the application and future development of airtightness requirements, including climate, sources and severity of indoor pollution, ventilation requirements, existing practices, cost and overall impact of such controls on energy conservation.
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