Hot water is an essential requirement in most Residence. Gas, electricity and furnace oil are beingused for obtaining hot water. These sources are not readily available and are scarce in a part of Japanat present. Fortunately, solar thermal energy is plentiful which can be successfully harnessed forgetting hot water. In this paper, performance of the copper coil heat exchanger type solar water heaterhas been described, which provides domestic hot water for a four-person family.
Total heat exchanger model based on experimental results was incorporated in the entire buildingmodel with the stay and internal generation of heat and with window opening-closing schedule, andenergy-saving effects of total heat exchangers were evaluated including regional features in Japan.Regional differences were found in the effects, and it was found that the reduction rate of heating andcooling loads was in the range of about 2 15%, and the reduction amount of heating and coolingloads was in the range of about 0.1 11 GJ.
Farming is very popular in Tohoku Region. Especially the yield of rice in this region is more than 10%of that in Japan. However, farmers have a problem with its storage in winter and summer. In general,rice should be harvested in autumn, and be stored until the harvest next year. To store it in summer,electric refrigerators are generally used and they cost a couple of million yen every year.
The ordinary displacement ventilation system (DV) needs large installation spaces for large supplydiffusers with lower supply air velocity to avoid the draft discomfort at the foot level, and large supply airvolume to control allowable vertical temperature gradient within the occupied zone. Furthermore, theDV is difficult to heat without other warming means in the winter. The swirling induction type HVACsystem (SWIT) was developed as utilizing a compact air diffuser increasing the induction function bymeans of swirling air jets.
The requirements for thermostats are increasing in the U.S. for a combination of reasons. Firstly,energy conservation and Demand Response programs are requiring thermostats to have morecomplex controls that can communicate with electric utilities. Other pressures are caused by theincreasing sophistication in U.S. homes such as systems for mechanical ventilation, economizers andventilation cooling that interact with operation of heating and cooling systems via thermostat controls.In order to meet these challenges, U.S.
Air-conditioning, the powerful indoor-climate control system, is becoming widespread throughout theworld. As the dissemination accelerates, building design itself is changing drastically, and buildings arebeing designed to adapt to air-conditioning. This kind of change can be regarded as an evolution ofbuilding design; on the other hand, energy consumption in buildings has been increasing drastically.Today, more than one third of the global warming gas emissions in Japan are considered to come fromthe building sector.
For reduction of Green house Gas emission, Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEFC) ispromoted by the government in Japan as more efficient co-generation system(CGS). On this study forthe purpose of finding the efficient energy supply system with PEFC in the apartment house, first theauthor proposed PEFC Apartment House as more efficient system than the current one (boiler andelectric power), which consists of PEFC-CGS, thermal storage tanks, power network and managementsystem.
In recent years, in the quest focused about energy conservative building design, as a high efficiencyair conditioning scheme, the variable air volume (VAV) systems owe their growing popularity in heating,ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. This paper reports the simulation study toinvestigate the inherent operational characteristics of direct expansion (DX) VAV air conditioning (A/C)unit when the supply air fan and compressor speeds are varied based on the thermal load persisting inthe conditioned space.
The buildings sector offers the greatest potential for cost-effective reductions in greenhouse gasemissions out of all the sectors examined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.However that potential was based purely on technical measures applied to existing buildings and newconstruction. It is becoming increasingly clear that non-technical options involving building occupantcomfort, culture and behaviour will also need to be implemented in order to stabilise atmosphericconcentrations of CO2 within a useful timeframe.
As in other parts of the world, building legislation has been used since the 1980s by governmentbodies in the Arabian Gulf countries. These countries sought to reduce rising electrical consumption(6.7% per year) during the construction boom following the discovery of oil. Generally, however, theseearly regulations are limited in scope and have been implemented in a piecemeal manner across thedifferent countries.
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