modelling

A Computational. Fluid Dynamics technique is employed to predict the two dimensional turbulent air flow which is created by an Aaberg slot exhaust hood reinforced by a two-dimensional wall jet flow. The standard turbulent k-e model, control volume method and SIMPLE algorithm are tised to simulate the air flow. The numerical results for the effect of the Aaberg slot exhaust hood on the air flow pattern, shape of the capture region and the velocity distribution of the capture region in the system are presented.

We examine transient displacement flows in naturally ventilated spaces that are subject to an increase in internal heat gains as in, for example, an empty lecture theatre which is then occupied by an audience. Heat gains create a layer of warm air at the ceiling which initially increases in depth and temperature, and descends towards the occupied regions. A theoretical model is developed to predict the time-dependent movement of the interface that separates the warm upper and cool lower layers of air, and comparisons are made with the results of laboratory experiments.

Forced air circulation in a storage room either with freezing/cooling or controlled atmosphere is usually turbulent because a high air change rate is generally required. The interaction between the turbulent air flow and the product layers plays an important role in the performance of the storage room. In this paper, a homogenous model based on the Brinkman-Forchheimer-extended Darcy equation for both fluid and porous layer is described, in association with the standard k-e turbulence model.

Predicting the movement of smoke in a naturally ventilated building is a difficult process for architects and design engineers alike. A software model developed by the Fire Research Station may provide a solution.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the validity of using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to predict the behaviour of three dimensional gravity induced natural convection buoyant plumes from a vertical heated cylinder in a large quiescent enclosure. The calculated velocity distributions and turbulence quantities over the cylinder were compared to a wide range of experimental measurements. The laminar boundary layer on an isothermal vertical plate was also modelled. The CFX4.

The paper presents the results of the research on application of the equation describing the increase in the air volume flux in buoyant plume above a point heat source to calculate plumes in rooms with displacement ventilation.The tests carried out in test room have given information about practical defining of the distance from the origin, assuming entrainment coefficient values and possibilities of assuming equal widths of temperature and velocity profiles in order to determine the origin distance.

This paper describes a methodology for simulating the transport of smoke and hot gases in buildings. The approach is based on the use of efficient CFD techniques and high performance computers to solve a form of the Navier-Stokes equations specialized to the smoke movement problem. The fire is prescribed in a manner consistent with a mixture fraction based approach to combustion, but the combustion phenomena themselves are not simulated. The mixing and transport of smoke and hot gases are calculated directly from an approximate form of the Navier-Stokes equations.

Displacement ventilation may provide better indoor air quality than mixing ventilation. Proper design of displacement ventilation requires information concerning the air temperature difference between the head and foot level of a sedentary person and the ventilation effectiveness at the breathing level. This paper presents models to predict the air temperature difference and the ventilation effectiveness, based on a database of 56 cases with displacement ventilation. The database was generated by using a validated CFD program and covers four different types of U.S.

The goal of this work was to assess the performance of two common ventilation systems, an exhaust and an exhaust supply system, in Swedish apartment buildings. Since correct air-exchange and interzonal airflows are important for removing contaminants and improving indoor air quality, these airflows were analyzed by systematic computer calculations when selected input parameters were varied around their default values.