Photovoltaic

Building integrated renewable energy sources e.g. photovoltaic system is one of the promised solution for improving energy efficiency in building. However such kind of the system is restrained by irregular power supplied and necessity to convert current from direct to altering form. Therefore, very often the electrical energy generated by photovoltaic system cannot be effectively utilised to supply building devices, e.g. components of HVAC or lighting system.

Visual comfort is important to the wellbeing of people and their productivity. However, too much light in the field of view can cause discomfort and disability glare. Under certain conditions it can even cause accidents. This paper addresses the disability glare created by veiling glare and the effect it may have of reducing the visual performance in outdoor spaces. Veiling glare is a particular case when light is reflected off a surface and causes annoyance or impairment of a task to the person in a particular view angle.

Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) systems integrate photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies into onesingle system with dual production of electricity and heat energy. There are alternative designs to suitdifferent applications. For a given collector surface area, the overall system energy performance ishigher than the conventional "side-by-side" PV and solar thermal systems. This helps to promote PVsince the economic payback period of PV/T is much shorter. In this paper, the various water-basedPV/T systems and products are reviewed.

This work proposes a mathematical dynamic modeling of a PV-T bi-fluids collector prototype that willpermit electricity production and preheating air and/or hot water production.This study is realised in a bi-dimensional geometry according to some assumptions. The collector is discretizedalong the flow and the collector slope is taking into account in the radiative transfers equations.

For the academy Mont Cenis in Herne, Germany, a large microclimatic glass envelope (72m x 1.80m x 15m) with separate buildings inside the envelope, a concept for the natural ventilation was put up and a program for the control of the motor driven windows in the facades and in the roof was developed. To comprise the influence of wind speed, wind direction and the temperature difference between the envelope and the environment, numerous CFD-calculations were carried out on the base of a wind tunnel test and dynamic thermal calculations.