The Household Energy End-use Project (HEEP) has collected energy and temperaturedata on 397 randomly selected houses throughout New Zealand, providing a statisticallyrepresentative national sample. This database has been used to explore the drivers ofsummer indoor temperatures. The general lack of air-conditioning means that summertemperatures are affected by passive influences (e.g. house design, construction)compared to winter temperatures where space heating is used.
This paper presents a study of the impact of urban warming upon energy consumption forair-conditioning in the home, using a numerical simulation model. The results are as follows. 1) In citiesother than Sapporo and Sendai, about 50% of the total hours of occupancy were ventilation hours, andabout 20% to 40% were cooling hours. As a result, the total energy consumption for cooling wascomparatively large. 2) In these other cities, cooling hours increased in the summer as the outdoortemperature rose.
Measurements of VOC, formaldehyde, temperature, relative humidity, ventilation and inspections of humidity related problems were made in 178 randomly selected Swedish dwellings. More than one hundred single VOCs was identified with a mean concentration less than 25 μg/m3. The concentration of 80% of the identified VO Cs were less than 10 μg/m3. One-family houses had a higher concentration of VOCs than multi family houses.
A database on the airtightness performance of houses built according to current construction practices (1980 to 82) was established, province by province, across Canada. Airtightness tests were conducted using the fan-depressurisation method and the results were compared by province, builder, house style, and house size. The survey shows considerable variation in the leakiness of the houses when the results are compared by province. Less variation in airtightness exists when the houses are compared by builder, house style, and house size on a provincial basis.
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