simulation

This paper outlines the complexity of the building energy modelling problem and describes the ESP program and, in particular, its air flow modelling capabilities. The issue of "technology transfer" is highlighted and mention made of the recently established RIASEnergy Design Advisory Service, a Government-funded technology transfer initiative to provide Scottish building designers with subsidised access to advanced energy simulation technology. Three "case studies" from EDAS work are presented, outlining some of thepractical applications of the ESP program.

Rising moisture from the ground has caused quite a lot of damage on foundations of Swedish buildings, in particular for the type concrete slab on the ground. Some of these constructions may be repaired by mechanical ventilation, for example below the floor or below the concrete slab , if there is an air-permeable layer below the slab. Summarized results from a few field studies and tests, which have been going on for a period of 2-3 years, are reported. Different methods with mechanical ventilation systems have been found to work quite well so far, i.e.

A study has been made, both experimentally and analytically, on the characteristics of thermal performance of high-rise buildings using a simulated model building with five floors and a number of exterior openings under various temperature distributions. The effect of the temperature variation on the location of the neutral pressure level (NPL) was of particular interest of the present study.

Data on indoor/outdoor pollutant and tracer concentrations were collected during different periods in 1981 at a residence in Newton, MA. 

Results from a two-box model for calculation of tracer gas concentrations in rooms are given and consequences of different definitions of ventilation efficiency are discussed. Results from three different series of experiments are presented. 

Ventilation and air exchange in buildings and industrial plants can be induced by external winds and by buoyancy forces. The dependence of the air exchange and heat transfer on a large number of factors, including the detailed configuration of the building and surroundings makes an analytical or numerical analysis of practical design problems impractical, particularly when both the buoyancy and the wind-induced pressures are of the same order of magnitude.

The amount of air infiltration in a building, for given weather data, depends on the leakage and its distribution on the building envelope. In simulations of 17 designs of multiunit, multistorey buildings in Berlin, based on a typical meteorological year we obtained a wide range of infiltration values that varied according to the floor plan, the number and location of wall openings and cracks and the flow resistance relationship between the inside and the exterior of the building.

This report discusses the extension of an infiltration predicting technique to the prediction of interroom air movements. The airflow through openings is computed from the ASHRAE crack method together with a mass balance in each room. Simulta