The second of six booklets designed as a guide for energy management in hospitals. Its main objectives are to provide a sound basis for the approach of thermal energy management, including both heat and cold generation; it is divided into three main parts: heat generation, heat distribution, coldgeneration and distribution.
Three thermal analysis methods with different degrees of empiricism are quantitatively investigated regarding the ease of use, efficiency, accuracy and redundancy of generated information. From this investigation it is concluded that, for design purposes, a sensitive interplay between experiment and theory can often lead to an optimum method.
A simplified model of air infiltration has been developed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, in order to expand the use of air flow calculation techniques outside the field of research. The validity of the programme must be checked. Benefit has been gained from work dedicated to the same problem in the field of building thermal analysis. Following this idea, a detailed validation methodology is proposed. Progression in the complexity of the modelled structures, use of high accuracy data are sine qua non to this task.
One of the recent major developments to the ESP (Environmental System Performance) building/plant energy simulation package has been the integration of a technique capable of performing dynamic air flow analysis as part of the building thermal analysis, thereby permitting simultaneous dynamic modelling of energy and air flow within the building envelope. This paper briefly describes the model and its data requirements. It compares and discusses differences in zone energy requirements and temperature levels (obtained from ESP) when 1. applying traditional air changes rates and, 2.
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