Waste air windows protected by intermediate louvres show the share of absorption in the transmission coefficient to be dependent upon the air throughput through the window. To calculate it, a general solution is given. Practical calculation is simplified by graphs established for two common louvre designs in two, three and four-pane windows.
Within the last ten years, energy shortages, economic pressures, and changes in indoor environmental requirements have resulted in buildings that are more energy efficient but less forgiving, environmentally. These results indicate that energ
A short treatment of the concepts and aspects that play a role in ventilation is followed by a brief description of the investigation methods employed. Gives a concise survey of the equipment and mathematical models used. Reviews the ventilation research carried out by the IMG-TNO. Covers factories, laboratories, hospitals, auction halls and similar buildings.
Describes methods for measuring air flow rates and air velocities in buildings, with the aim of formulating identical rules within the Nordic countries for the inspection and adjustment of ventilation systems.
Briefly describes the new DIF standard for ventilation plants and the Danish standard DS 447. Discusses the relationship between heating and ventilation. Mentions heat recovery and problems encountered in ventilating swimming halls.
Reports on a study conducted to determine the impact of different ventilation rates on office building energy use, first cost, and peak electrical demand. Uses the DOE-2.1 computer program to simulate an energy-efficient office building in 5 cit
Presents the latest results of air infiltration research in Finland. The aim is to increase the knowledge of the influences of air infiltration on energy consumption, ventilation and indoor climate. Briefly describes the principles of a calculation model for predicting the interconnection between airtightness and air change rate. Describes improvement of air tightness in Finnish buildings, with special attention to construction details. Discusses possibilities of draughtless and controlled fresh air intake through the building envelope.
In terms of energy usage and indoor climate a building works as a total system where the shell, the installations and services interact organically. However, technical knowledge of this total system is still undeveloped and the limitations of different trade categories hinders such development. Examples show how the efficiency of building methods such as tightening external walls depend on the ventilation system used in the building.
Discusses relatively simple and inexpensive method for ventilating house foundations to reduce radon based on results of a trial on detached housing in Sweden. Principle is to extract radon gas from the ground before it enters living accomodation. Table shows radon daughter intensity before and after corrective measures.
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