The mean and dynamic internal and external pressures of an existing building (tennis hall) and a model of the building were measured and compared. Asystematic examination was made of the effects on wind-induced internal pressure in simple geometric models of flow profile, wind direction, building dimensions, openings and leakiness. Suggestions are proposed for changes to DIN 1055 Part 4. The Canadian, American, British and Swiss Standards on wind loads are compared.
The distribution and level of pressures due to the wind on the external faces of buildings condition the working of ventilation systems and hence the thermal losses. This article presents the results of wind-tunnel experiments imitating natural wind, in the form of a "mapping" of the mean pressure coefficients exerted on the ordinary forms of dwelling. Attention is also given to the local effects on extraction outlets on flat roofs.
Reliable surface pressure and indoor wind speed data from model buildings in boundary layer wind tunnels can only be expected if appropriate modeling parameters are considered carefully. Modeling parameters to examine when planning boundary layer wind tunnel studies of indoor airflow and external surface pressures due to wind are identified, and criteria for assessment are suggested.
Two techniques for estimating natural wind airflow through buildings for comfort cooling utilizing data derived from boundary layer wind tunnel studies are presented. One method is based on pressure and discharge coefficients. The other uses wind speed coefficients determined from model studies in a boundary layer wind tunnel.
The aerodynamic forces affecting wind and rain penetration of roofs are described. They are: 1 the wind and its turbulent nature, 2 the induced pressure field, 3 the air flows in contact with the roof and 4 the characteristics of the roof (internal pressure, permeability, structure, etc).
For optimum building design it is of importance to investigate the comfort and the energy conservation obtained with different types of ventilation systems and levels of airtightness of buildings. This could be achieved by aid of computer models based on full-scale and model measurements. In order to obtain experimental data as input data to such a computer model, an experimental, detached one-family house has been built near to Gothenburg on the Swedish west coast.
Using meteorological and physical data, a model simulating pressure and air mass flow distribution in buildings was produced using the method of non-linear networks. It was used to study wind and buoyancy effects on mechanically ventilated buildings. Contents include: natural ventilation in high rise buildings with and without air-handling equipment, a study of a hospital, and calculation of the annual heat load for ventilation.
To update the National Association of Home Builders Thermal Performance Guidelines, models were developed, representative of the new houses being constructed in each American state. The models define the number and types of windows and doors,
Using meteorological and physical data, a model simulating pressure and air mass flow distribution in buildings was produced using the method of non-linear networks. It was used to study wind and buoyancy effects on mechanically ventilated buildings. Calculations were made for a naturally ventilated high rise building for varying permeability distributions and air flow resistances of the building envelope, using data from real buildings and from previous cases described in the literature.
Compares in tables international requirements for housing regarding ventilation requirements of the entire dwelling, plus kitchen, bathrooms and W.C.s, living rooms and bedrooms. Discusses them. Examines the efficiency of ventilation openings and the requirements made on them. Discusses air flow through a house and the effect of wind forces. Notes how effective pressure difference is affected by the distribution of joints and air leaks.
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