Discusses control from outdoors and gives a formula for the heat required to maintain indoor design temperatures. Outlines the twofold effect of wind, i.e. the increase in the heat transmission coefficient for outside walls, and increased ventilation and air infiltration caused by pressure differences. Explains the solar effect by formulating the heat load on the outer walls and through the windows. An example illustrates the calculation procedure. Tabulates the increase in heat consumption due to wind; this varies with wind speed, building location and height.
Presents a general picture of the consequence of wind on high buildings. States that the air velocity in the lower 250-600m layer of the atmosphere is strongly affected by the shape of the earth's contours, and discusses the effect and size of eddies. Gives the range of wind pressure variations between windward side, leeward side and at corners and edges and outlines problems that can result in ventilating, from draught and other wind hindrance aspects. Brief tips are given to minimize serious mishaps from the result of wind near high rise buildings.
In a lecture held for T.V.V.L. members on 22nd November 1965, the influence of wind, direction of the wind and wind force on buildings were described showing the resulting pressure distribution around the building and the general effect of wind on buildings which are ventilated either naturally or mechanically. The influence of wind on a specific building can be determined by pressure measurements, for instance in a windtunnel. This is followed by measurements with an electric analogue in which light bulbs give an indication of the air movement.
States that high-rise buildings can cause problems to occupants particularly since wind velocity and pressure fluctuations will be more pronounced than at ground level. Outlines ways in which smoke from chimneys can cause difficulties and gives reasons for difficulties when ventilating or air conditioning high-rise buildings. Recommends testing a model of the building in a windtunnel; lists points to be investigated; discusses rules for scaling giving formulae and outlines the testing procedure.
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