The presence of airborne contaminants in the production environment can create problems to products, production equipment and personnel. The improvement of the production environment is a complex task and therefore, unprofitable control measures are common. PIMEX and similar equipment (1-6) combines video picture of the work and simultaneously measured data from the sensors detecting e.g. airborne contaminants. Link between problem calling conditions and work can be analysed with the aid of video picture in which graphical presentation of data is superimposed.
Quantitative and qualitative gas analysis is widely needed in present modern industrialized societies. The reasons for this need range from purely economical interests, to meeting the requirements of environmental and occupational health legislation. Examples of these applications include process effluent monitoring, emission monitoring, workplace safety monitoring, clinical blood gas monitoring, toxic gas monitoring in fires, chemical warfare agent detection and ambient air monitoring.
The penetration of cold outdoor air into industrial buildings is a severe problem in countries having a cold, arctic or subarctic climate. The cold air, penetrating into the building mainly through the open doorways, causes discomfort to the workers, disturbs the functioning of the ventilation system and increases the energy and maintenance costs of the building. What even worse, the industrial process could be disturbed and even stopped, which could lead to high production and financial losses.
Ventilation systems can be divided in many ways, by size, flow rate, velocity, material, placing, aim, etc. One common way is to divide between General Ventilation (GV) and Local Ventilation (LV). However, these terms do not have general accepted meanings. In the Design Guide Book for Industrial Ventilation (DGB), chapter 10 Local Ventilation, we (members of COST G3 Working Group 4) have tried to define and describe Local Ventilation systems. We have also made a division of L V into different specific systems.
In North America, there is an ongoing effort to repair the effects of corrosion in large boilers and pressure vessels. In recent years this work has been done from scaffolds erected in the boiler or vessel. The largest pressure vessels in British Columbia are known as Kamyr Digesters, and are found in Kraft pulp mills. The boilers are found in pulp mills across Canada and the USA, and in thermal power plants in east of the Rocky Mountains in Canada and across the USA. The scaffold structures are made up from 50 mm diameter steel columns and struts that are assembled with steel wedges.
The present state of ventilation design for industrial premises follows rules of thumb or other rules based on sometimes questionable experience. During the last years increasing effort has been successfully invested into research work to enlarge the theoretical and practical knowledge of industrial ventilation. One of the practical results of that research work has been national guidelines (in Germany e.g. VDI 3802) which give more or less detailed recommendations for the design process.
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