English

Air-to-air heat and moisture exchange between exhaust and supply airflows can substantially reduce HVAC costs. This paper outlines the design considerations that should be included when selecting a type of exchanger and shows how the performance of each recovery device can be determined. Energy wheels, which transfers both heat and water vapor, are given special consideration. The HV AC design for heat and moisture exchanger sizing is presented as a least life-cycle cost design problem.

Modern UK office buildings have a reputation of being energy profligate, largely due to the fan power requirements of commercial air conditioning. Most architects and HVAC designers only associate low-energy consumption with natural ventilation. However, the UK electricity utilities have peak maximum demands in winter, and buildings need to be designed for year-round lowenergy usage. Relatively few monitored studies of the total annual energy implications of natural and mechanical ventilation strategies operating in conjunction with fabric thermal storage have been published.

The starting point for designs which respond to our worsening environmental situation is a study of building form with particular emphasis on the facade and section and on materials. Only after these have been resolved to optimise the solar potential, to make the best use of daylight , to provide controllable assisted natural ventilation (including night cooling), to attenuate noise (if necessary) and to produce an attractive building should the design team as a whole tum to HVAC systems. To summarise, the plant is only part of the strategy and the smaller part the better.

Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) has rapidly developed as an industrial design and evaluation tool for Building Services Engineering. Providing valuable information via mathematical predictions of fluid flow heat and mass transfer. The aim of the work is to illustrate the integration of CFD data into a truly interactive Virtual Reality (VR) environment to provide engineers with demonstrable design evaluation and visualisation facilities. To demonstrate the successful integration of CFD and VR an industrial case study of a conference room at Hoare Lea is presented.

Computer modelling is becoming an everyday tool for the building services engineer to ensure that a ventilation design will work early on in the development process. This paper describes this process in relation to Novartis' new office building in the UK. In this case, airflow modelling was used to fine-tune a conceptual idea for the atrium air conditioning. This influenced the solar shading incorporated into the architectural design and allowed engineers to optimise the volume of air used and the location of supply air terminals.

Overview of the programme, covers opportunities for solar energy in the 21st century, advancing solar building technologies, solar low energy buildings, and the future.