English

The two-storey house at Aylesbury, England, built by the Building Research Establishment for the full-scale measurement of wind pressures has been modelled at 1:500 scale in a boundary layer wind tunnel to verify the reliability of simulation forlow-rise buildings. Describes wind tunnel tests of buildings models of 5 and 22.5 roof slope. Compares surface pressure measurements with full-scale data for various wall and roof locations. For the model terrain best modelling conditions, the results show agreement which is encouraging.

Describes continuous measurements of wind induced pressure differences across the exterior walls of two schools taken over a period of 8 months. These schools were selected from a total of eleven schools whose air leakage characteristics had been previously studied. Calculates air infiltration rates caused by wind using the measured differentials. Evaluates equivalent pressure differentials caused by wind. Calculates uniform pressure differentials caused by stack action using a computer model.

Describes experiments aiming to estimate the protection afforded by a shelterbelt on the plains area of America. Describes three test houses and gives test results. The three houses were unprotected, partially protected and closely protected by a slat fence. Gives basic data in the form of fuel use, wind and temperature. Concludes that the reduction in wind speed by windbreaks is of the general order of 35% with a proportional saving in fuel. Finds that the area of tree shelterbelts has themost important effect on the degree of wind reduction.

Reports project to measure wind pressures on low-rise buildings. Describes site and houses in the estate selected for investigation. Gives details of an associated experimental building. Outlines positioning of the pressure transducers andgives details of the cabling and the reference pressure system. describes velocity measurement, recording equipment and methods of calibration, processing and analysis. Gives details of records taken in tabular form.

Describes computer program used to calculate air flows and pressure differential in a building as a result of a combination of wind effect, stack action and the operation of air handling systems. Describes mathematical model of building and the assumptions and limitations of program. Gives listing of complete program.

Gives short state-of-the-art review of knowledge of wind turbulence. Mentions results from field investigations. Summarizes available knowledge. An appendix discusses hot-wire anemometry. Gives bibliography of subject.

Studies influence on energy loss of an air curtain installed at building entrance. The energy loss consists of transmission loss and ventilation losses caused by stack effect, pressure difference due to wind, direct wind on the entrance and differences in the specific gravity of inside and outside air. Gives an example of calculated energy loss at the entrance of a simulated department store. Outlines principles and types of air curtain.

Discusses the problems of modelling natural wind in a wind tunnel and notes lack of comparison between full-scale and wind tunnel studies. Reviews past work which often shows marked discrepancies in wind tunnel data. Reports results of a study carried out in the field of wind effects on a half full-size single storey model building. Wind profiles over the site were measured and pressure effects experienced by the model recorded.

The use in metropolitan cities of increasing numbers of skyscrapers in which stack effects are large and entrance traffic heavy calls for a better design of entrance for controlling both infiltration and traffic. Analyses the causes of infiltration, discusses the effect of various parameters, presents design charts for estimating heating and air conditioning loads through swinging-door and revolving-door entrances. Introduces a new design of entrance, the travelling entrance-way, and gives approximate method for calculation of air infiltration through it.

Describes wind tunnel tests on cubical models with roof angles of 0, 15, 30 and 45 and on a wall placed in constant velocity and variable velocity air stream. Discusses the effect of velocity distribution on pressure distribution and wind loads. Presents results in the form of diagrams of pressure coefficients over the models.