English

This paper gives first a synopsis of applicable guidelines, codes and standards that provide a background on current methods of nosocomial infection control. Then the epidemiology and aerobiological pathways of airborne nosocomial infections are examined along with surface-disinfection technologies including ultraviolet germicidal irradiation . Those technologies should have a major impact in reducing infection rates. The combination of surface and air disinfection should produce optimum results.

The impact of temperature differences within a room on spatial contaminant distribution is studied in that paper. A photoionization detector was used to monitor the tracer gas concentrations at 144 sampling points. Experiments were performed at two flow rates and six thermal conditions. Results and conclusions are presented.

In that paper, a computer simulation of the air-circuits of a variable-air-volume (VAV) air-conditioning system is developed, then validated. The aim is to examine the relationship between the supply airflow, the extract airflow and the inlet airflow along with the control signals for the fans and the mixing box dampers in the air handling unit.

Field measurements and thermal comfort survey were carried out to evaluate the thermal comfort perceptions of a Hong Kong hawker center. CFD simulations were conducted in order to study the impact of three kinds of fans on thermal comfort on the one hand, and to determine the type of fan (wall fan, ceiling fan or extract fan) which could improve best the thermal conditions in that hawker center.

The authors carried out a study on ventilation systems working in the cul-de-sac of a coal mine. In a real mine gallery, measurements were made with a hot-wire anemometry and then used for the validation of a numerical model. Blowing, exhaust and mixed ventilation systems have been numerically examined, detailed information have been obtained about the flow field, the methane concentration and the mean age of air.

Here is presented a detailed evaluation of different modelling approaches for the prediction of CO2 levels in occupied spaces for small, single-zone commercial buildings that use packaged air-conditioning equipment. The results and conclusion are presented.

The authors take the historic centre in Portugal as a case study. In this paper an extensive survey of building typology and materials, indoor and outdoor building damage, is presented along with measurements of indoor air temperature and relative humidity. High humidity and presence of mould have an incidence on indoor quality of life for the inhabitants.

At a point-source release, point-wise concentrations may greatly exceed the well-mixed conditions. In order to examine this assumption, aerosols have been released in a test room with HEPA filter ventilation, at different conditions of room furnishings and different contaminant release locations. The aerosol concentrations were measured simultaneously, for each experiment, at seven locations by nephelmetry.

The investigation of natural ventilation with the software package COMIS (Conjunction of Multizone Infiltration Specialists) in a typical building in Serbia was the aim of that study. Results show that a good IAQ cannot be achieved with natural ventilation by infiltration in that building during summer.

This study reveals the effects that porous residential buildings have on the natural ventilation performance and on the cooling load reduction too. Two residential building models using CFD analysis and thermal and airflow network analysis are evaluated. Results show that improvements in the natural ventilation performance would reduce the cooling load.