NATURAL VENTILATION STRATEGIES FOR PASSIVE CLIMATE CONTROL IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA OF THE TEMPIO DI ERCOLE VINCITORE IN TIVOLI

The effectiveness of natural ventilation, i.e. its ability to ensure indoor air quality and passive cooling ina building, depends greatly on the design process. This is particularly true for buildings which areconceived to protect object of art or which are themselves important monuments.Ventilation systems for Exposition Spaces, Museums or Archaeological Sites , using only natural forcessuch as wind, thermal buoyancy and geothermal energy need to be designed together with the buildingitself considering that their components are the elements that can reduce or increase air movement aswell as influence the air content (dust, pollution etc).Designers need to acquire qualitative and quantitative information about the interactions betweenbuilding characteristics and natural ventilation in order to design buildings systems consistent with apassive low-energy approach [1]. Qualitative information includes design context background, designconcept and design criteria; quantitative information includes CFD simulation techniques for definingclimate parameters, sizing openings and estimating flow rate.The position of the Sanctuary, which is out of the urban area of Tivoli, on the top of the canyon of theAniene river, makes natural ventilation an important strategy to control the microclimate in the spacesconfined by the ruins and by the designing roof. The Underground Roman Tunnel called Via Tecta,which represents the end of the Old Republican Tiburtina Road is used as a natural buried heatexchanger to cool and heat [2], [3], [4] the confined spaces of the designing museum.Simulations of temperature, and air velocity fields are performed with the support of a CFD tool,evaluating the efficiency of the passive strategies adopted.