LoginNotes heat flow through double windows due to temperature difference and air infiltration have usually been calculated separately.
Bibliographic database Airbase
AIRBASE is the Bibliographic Database of the AIVC. It contains publications and abstracts of articles related to energy efficient ventilation. Where possible, sufficient detail is supplied in the bibliographic details for users to trace and order the material via their own libraries. Topics include: ventilation strategies, design and retrofit methods, calculation techniques, standards and regulations, measurement methods, indoor air quality and energy implications etc. Entries are based on articles and reports published in journals, internal publications and research reports, produced both by university departments and by building research institutions throughout the world. AIRBASE has grown and evolved over many years (1979 to present day, over 22000 references and 16000 documents available online). For most of the references, the full document is also available online.
Access to the publications is free of charge.
Discusses the factors affecting air change rates in multi-storey buildings and derives expressions for the air infiltration through walls, windows and doors; air flow through gravity ventilation ducts; pressure pattern on the outside walls of the
Describes typical town centre developments in which a problem of wind environment has arisen, and gives a brief account of the investigation of specific cases. Summarises broad conclusions of 20 special cases.
States direct observations of wind effects on real buildings are necessary for the development of reliable information for wind load estimation. Their essential role is to provide data for the guidance of systematic wind-tunnel investigations.
After a general introduction on the cause of wind, the dependence of wind speed increase with height on surface roughness and atmospheric stability is discussed.
Describes a pressure transducer which was specially developed to measure wind pressures exerted in buildings. The instrument, which gives an electrical output, is suitable for measuring pressure in the range of 1200 n/m2.
The building industry has always had considerable difficulty with joints in outer walls, at windows, doors and between building units. Damage caused by damp has meant considerable economic losses.
Considers the rise in air pressure inside a closed building with openings on the windward side, caused by gusts of wind and the increased pressure on the building envelope, especially on the roof.
Presents results of measurements of fluctuating wind pressures on prisms of square and rectangular section mounted on the rooftop of a 4-storied building. Describes models and experimental methods.
Reports measurements of pressure distribution on square cylindrical models in wind tunnel. Vertical distribution of wind velocity was produced by grids of horizontal rods at varying spacing.
Reports measurements of wind pressure distributions on the surface of a rectangular cylinder model in a wind tunnel. Finds fluctuating character of pressure on roof surface is dependent on the turbulent structure of wind tunnel flow.
Gives a brief account of exploratory efforts to isolate the contributions of flow separation and reattachment to local surface pressure fluctuations. The study is restricted to tall buildings with sharp vertical edges.
Reports wind pressure measurements being made on a four-storey building at Gaithersburg. Describes instrumentation and techniques for data acquisition, reduction and analysis.
States that concern for weathertightness requirements for windows has increased recently. Discusses standard methods for testing air leakage and rain penetration of windows. Illustrates some general findings on air leakage.
Surveys instrumentation for measuring pressures from about 0.001 to 50mm. of mercury (0.13 to 6650 N/sq.m.) described in publications during the years 1960-1968.
Use of spectral analysis as a tool in identifying correlations of annual and diurnal patterns of weather data is presented.
A computer analysis of stack effects in a large multi- storey building was performed, comparing the air flow (and consequent hypothetical smoke concentrations at higher floors) with and without a smoke shaft.
Effects of vertical shaft venting on smoke movement in tall buildings are examined in order to obtain conditions for minimum smoke filtration into upper floors, stairways, and elevator shafts during fires.
Presents a general picture of the consequence of wind on high buildings.