CFD model

Stratum ventilation (SV) is an energy-efficient solution to provide thermal comfort and improve air quality. The air distribution in rooms with SV depends on the room layout, location of supply and exhaust grills and indoor heat gains. Therefore, the commonly used methods to predict air temperatures in the occupied zone do not usually fit the indoor temperature distribution. At the same time, detailed simulations of indoor air distribution are still mainly used in complicated room layouts and research.

Adaptive thermal comfort model has been widely used to evaluate the thermal comfort level of natural ventilation buildings.However, current adaptive standards offer a simple linear relationship between the outdoor temperature and the indoor comfort temperature，ignoring the influence of solar radiation.

A literature review has revealed that there is a very limited number of numerical or experimental studies of the air flow for mechanically ventilated large occupied rooms. Existing literature suggests that a room with more than 5 meters floor-to-ceiling height can be considered as a large space. The aim of this paper is to present a set of detailed air temperature and velocity measurements in a large open plan office located in south England.

Solar energy air-collectors installed on the sun-oriented building facades can be used for improving natural ventilation of adjacent rooms. The basis of the physical process is an unbalanced buoyancy force arising from the temperature difference between ambient and the air inside the room. Although difficult to control due to the variability of the climatic conditions, these devices can be used as means of reducing the need for conventional energy to provide indoor air conditions within acceptable limits required by health and comfort considerations.