Holonic Energy Systems (HES) refer to systems where distributed generation and centralized powergeneration are organically combined to establish optimal operation, based on a good balance betweenthe whole and its parts, but not on optimization of each part that is the conventional concept ofupgrades in a single energy source. This paper presents an outline of HES proposed by us and threemicrogrid verification test results demonstrated through the activities toward HES. On the test results,reduction rates of CO2 emission of the microgrid operation was above 20% for reference system.
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