underground car park

The ventilation of underground car parks is important to avoid health problems associated with the inhalation of combustion products released by car engines, in particular carbon monoxide CO (which is commonly used as the indicator of car park indoor air quality). In recent years, a new mechanical ventilation system has appeared, based on the use of axial ventilators (jet fans) suspended under the car park ceiling. In this paper the flow generated by jet fans and their effects on pollutants are studied.

The growth of automobile population in Kuala Lumpur is an important issue for car parking spacesespecially commercial buildings. The large multi storey and underground car parks seem to offer goodsolution nowadays. Undeniably, indoor air quality (IAQ) is a vital element in the underground car park. Itis so important due to its effects to the human beings.

The provision of underground parking facilities (UPFs) has become a necessity particularly in densely populated urban areas and business districts. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in such facilities is of great concern due to vehicle induced emissions. This paper presents and IAQ assessment at six representative UPFs in Beirut using carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds as IAQ indicators. For this purpose, concentrations of both pollutants were measured at different time intervals throughout the day. Vehicular emission factors (EFs) were estimated using the EMFAC7F1.1 model.

This paper presents the field experiments on the ventilation efficiency in an underground car park where high velocity fan-diffuser units were installed as shown in Photo 1. The concentration of SF6 were measured as tracer gas under the step up condition and the step down condition, and the ventilation efficiency such as the age of air were calculated from the rising curve and the falling curve of the SF6 concentration in the underground car park. The ventilation efficiencies of two cases were compared, i.e.

This paper presents the results of the numerical simulation on the ventilation efficiency and the residual age of air by using CFD in the underground car park in which the field measurement was conducted as shown in a previous paper. The agreement between the CFD result and the measurement one was observed at most of the measuring points. The detailed distribution of local air change effectiveness was examined with the results from CPD in this paper.