Fire and Smoke Management in a Uni-Directional Road Tunnel for a Congested Traffic Condition

Emergency smoke ventilation for a uni-directional traffic road tunnel is studied using a CFD modelling approach. Fire scenarios in an uphill ramp for congested traffic conditions have been considered. Based on a longitudinal smoke ventilation system with a damper smoke-extraction device on the ceiling soffit, the impact of longitudinal ventilation (LV) control, operation of fire suppression intervention and emergency response delay have been quantitatively investigated.