Outdoor thermal environment

In recent years, especially, the climate change (CC) and urban heat island (UHI) effects are becoming serious problems, affecting people’s life and health, especially in hot summer. For large cities such as Tokyo or Osaka in Japan, the UHI effect is particularly intense. It is known that about 40% of urban anthropogenic heat comes from buildings in large cities. To reduce the anthropogenic heat from buildings is an important countermeasure to this problem.  

With the fast development of urbanization in China, the urban thermal environment has been worsen due to the more and more obvious heat island phenomena. Aartificial waterscape is regarded as one of the most effective methods to improve the outdoor climate. In this paper a fountain model is developped based on experiment results and Particle-Source-In Cell (PSI-CELL) model. Lagrangian approach is adopted to simulate the dynamics properties of droplets in the air while Eulerian approach is employed to solve the conservation equations of the air.