This paper describes some qf the thinking behind the thermal comfort provisions of the new European Standard EN1 525 1 (CEN:2007) for free-running buildings. This standard deals with all aspects on the indoor environment. The paper will presentthe evidence on which its provisions fortemperature in naturally ventilated buildingsin summer is based. It will discuss theadvantages they present jbr those concernedto design buildings which will minimise theuse of energy.