Demand response optimisation of all-electric residential buildings in a dynamic grid environment: Irish case study

The current paper is concerned with a case study of a residential house, located in Ireland, which has been recently retrofitted from a conventional mixed fuel dwelling to a smart grid enabled all-electric dwelling. The aim of the specific case study is to examine the im-pact on the building retrofit measures on the dwelling carbon footprint, pre- and post- retrofit. The analy-sis was carried out using EnergyPlus. The baseline for the case study is the pre-retrofitted dwelling which was based on a mixture of energy supply sources including: fossil fuel for space heating, electricity for household equipment and a conventional gasoline car for trans-portation. Following the retrofit measures, space heat-ing is provided by a ground source heat pump and transportation by an electric vehicle. Other retrofit measures include the installation of PV electric pan-els, heat recovery ventilation and increase in thermal energy storage capabilities. The retrofit measures were found to provide an overall reduction in carbon foot-print from 43.3 to 30.8 kg/m2 CO2.