Briefly reviews different types of air-to-air heat exchangers, and their relative efficiency. Discusses their effectiveness in removing indoor pollutants such as radon and formaldehyde from tight houses.
Studies a sample of 58 occupied homes in Rochester NY to assess 1. the effectiveness of construction techniques designed to reduce air leakage 2. the indoor air quality and air-exchange rates in selected airtight houses and 3. the impact on
Describes investigations into the air change rate in dwellings with very air-tight windows carried out by the West German Institute for Water Earth and Air Hygiene under a contract from the Federal Building Ministry. Treats the 80rooms investigated in 20 different buildings and in some office type rooms in Berlin. Notes the measurement method and the procedure of evaluating the results. Gives some results in graphs. Summarises the findings of the analysis of the results.
Lists in a table and discusses the chief sources of indoor air pollution. Distinguishes between short term and long term pollution. Provides advice for reducing pollution from various sources. Discusses the minimum permissible fresh air supply rates. Gives recommended humidity values and when, how often and for how long should ventilation be carried out. Recommends 12-15 m3 fresh air per person per hour, with double this rate for physical activity or smoking. States fresh air supply should be monitored to ensure the carbon-dioxide content does not exceed 0.15%.
Gives an account of the results of research into ventilation and radiation in buildings, including one-family dwellings and blocks of flats. Investigation includes recording the air change rate, the radon levels, the radium emanation rate and gamma radiation. The object of the investigation is to obtain background material for continued research into limit values for radon and radium emanation levels in dwellings.
Uses "Track Etch" detectors to measure nearly 40000 time-averaged radon concentrations in Canadian, Swedish and US homes. In some areas indoor exposure rates exceed 20 pci/l in as many as 15% of homes surveyed. Such levels may lead to an increased lung cancer risk. The "Track Etch" detectors are based upon a plastic nuclear track detector which undergoes permanent radiation damage when struck by an alpha particle. These small detectors are very convenient to use in occupied homes and buildings.
Discusses common sources of indoor air pollution in buildings and the specific pollutants emitted by each source, including combustion emissions, formaldehyde and other organic substances and radon. Also covers potential health effects and possible control techniques, including dilution by natural or mechanical ventilation.
Assesses the impact of energy conservation retrofits on the indoor air quality of residential buildings, through a field monitoring project in which air leakage, air exchange rates and indoor air pollutants are measured before and after retrofit. Uses a mobile laboratory to make detailed on-site measurements of air exchange rates and concentrations of pollutants in 2 houses, and measures effective leakage area in 7 other houses. Impact on indoor air quality of the energy conserving retrofits seem to be minimal.
Studies formaldehyde and other aldehydes as a function of building air exchange rates in public buildings and energy efficient research houses. Uses sequential gas bubbling systems in conjunction with a pneumatic flow control system for field sampling. Finds that concentrations of formaldehyde and aldehydes in public buildings are about the same in indoor and outdoor air because of the high ventilation rates in these buildings. However, indoor air in general has higher formaldehyde and total aliphatic aldehyde levels than outdoor air.
Describes a study of indoor air quality in 12 retrofitted houses of the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Midway Substation Residential Community, undertaken by LBL and BPA. Measures effective leakage areas and average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde and radon before and after retrofit. Finds average reduction in leakage area of 32%. None of the pollutants measured before or after retrofit reached levels exceeding existing guidelines.
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