The ventilation engineer's plan at the design stage could be influenced by many factors. It may also be different from the requirements for the final users of the spaces. In case of open-space design, which is getting popular due to its flexibility. It is more difficult to provide adequate ventilation to control the indoor air quality. Specially, when partitioning of the space is employed.
Smoking restrictions in the workplace and increased health consciousness at home have seen a sizable reduction in the number of spaces where smoking is permissible. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ventilation in public houses, one of the few remaining public spaces where smoking is still socially acceptable. Little is known about the situation with shared occupancies, where relatively large areas are intended to accommodate both smokers and non-smokers.
The present paper deals with one of the most important mechanisms of inter-zone mass and energy transfer, namely the buoyancy-driven flows through stairwells that connect the floors of buildings. To further investigate these phenomena, experimental as well as theoretical studies have been carried out. A series of experiments have been performed in order to study the airflow through a typical stairwell that connects the two individual zones of a two-storey house. Airflow rates between the two zones were measured using a single tracer gas decay technique.
A series of CFD and model experiments were carried out in order to find the most effective ventilation system in a separated refuse disposal facility. The ventilation system needed in the facility protects the working space from dust and odors generated by handling refuse. The desired ventilation system is to introduce the outdoor air from the one side of the working area and to exhausts the contaminated air through the opposite side of the refuse stock yard, so-called the unidirectional airflow ventilation.
This paper presents an analysis of the emission of chemical compounds and their diffusion in a room by the technique of computational fluid dynamics. A polypropylene styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) plate was chosen as the TVOC emission source. The emission rate and room-averaged concentration are analyzed under various conditions of ventilation rate and temperature. Further, the concentration distribution of TVOC within a room is also examined and evaluated from the viewpoint of ventilation efficiency.
This study utilizes the two-chamber model to simulate naturally ventilated airflow through a window opening in a common- type bedroom in Taiwan. Standard kepsilon turbulence model is implemented to account for such a natural convection flow pattern. The driving force in this space is mainly the heat flux generated by occupant's skin. The result shows that under normal operation indoor, carbon dioxide ( indicator air contaminant for IAQ ) is less than 1000 ppm, ASHRAE Standard recommended.
This paper introduces a research programme investigating the application of CFD to large scale industrial premises. A number of modelling issues and two case studies are discussed. The research programme will lead to an increased degree of confidence of CFD simulation results in complicated environments.
In modem livestock buildings the design of the ventilation systems is important in order to obtain good air distribution. The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics for predicting the air flow and air quality makes it possible to include the effect of room geometry, equipment and occupants in the design of ventilation systems. However, it is not appropriate to include the detailed geometry of a large group of lying or standing animals affecting the air flow in the building. It is necessary to have relatively simple models of the animals, which are easier to implement in the computer models.
Studies of airflow between two adjacent spaces of building were carried out using CFD simulation. The results of CFD simulation were validated against test data set obtained from full-scale experimental tests. The agreement and discrepancy between the prediction and measurement results were discussed. Further numerical exercises were carried out to study under the conditions that were difficult to achieve by experiments and the results obtained were supplemented to the understanding of convective heat transfer between adjacent rooms.
A three-dimensional mathematical model to solve the mixing, displacement and vortex ventilation systems in the removal of pollutants with a thermal source is described. The study carried out to investigate the effectiveness of each of the individual ventilation systems showed that the vortex ventilation system performed better than the other two systems in providing moderate occupancy thermal comfort but very effective in purging pollutants away from a typical office room environment
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