Aiming at the running property of hig-speed passenger cars, the paper discusses its indoor air quality's evaluation index and method for calculating outdoor ventilation rate. It studies the influence of the factors of outdoor air quality, outdoor ventilation rate, outdoor pressure fluctuating, drainage mode and fitment material to the indoor air quality and points out some improving measures for them.
Indoor air contaminants may be grouped into four categories: microbial contaminants; respirable particles; gaseous contaminants, and vaporous contaminants. Conventional filters like HEPA filters can only be useful for bioaerosols and respirable particulate. Absorbers such as activated adsorbed can be useful for almost all gases and vaporous contaminant, but eventually they will lose efficiency. Photocatalysis can remove all VOCs and bioeffluent, but not very useful for gases contaminant such as ammonia.
A research initiative, aimed at obtaining status-quo measurements of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and ventilation characteristics in air-conditioned office buildings in Singapore, has resulted in an extensive database, which details are presented in this paper. An integrated IAQ audit methodology developed during the course of the research will be presented and its application to nine buildings will be discussed in chemical, biological and particulate dimensions as well as the thermal comfort parameters.
To investigate the possibility of indoor air quality (IAQ) control by hybrid energy saving ventilation with an air cleaner using the sorption effect of building materials, this paper describes the identification to estimate the parameters related to the sink effect of materials, the concept of the novel air cleaner, and the performance evaluation of IAQ control for a house installed with the hybrid ventilation system to remove chemical contaminants by computer simulation.
This paper points out that the operation and management of the system for indoor air quality (IAQ) is more important than the design of air conditioning system. It is a widespread practice that for the sake of saving energy and operating expense, many building owners change the system's installations and operating manners of fresh air system of air conditioning. Almost all the building owners neglect the maintenance and management of air conditioning system. Those behaviours lead to seriously poor IAQ.
Indoor air quality (IAQ) in buildings can significantly affect people's health, comfort, satisfaction and productivity. Using VOC as an example, this paper outlines the methods and applications of three IAQ control strategies: source control, ventilation and air purification. It is recommended that all three IAQ control strategies be considered in order to achieve acceptable IAQ in buildings in a cost effective and energy efficient manner.
States that office environments vary in the type of air quality problems they present and that contamination levels fluctuate depending upon the tasks being performed and the frequency of these operations. Describes research which used a common protocol to study the air quality within 256 buildings and provided an account of the state of health in buildings within the UK. Only 15% of the buildings surveyed achieved optimum environmental conditions. Outlines the importance of sick building syndrome problems in relation to possible suits and vacation of premises.
States that many environmental parameters need to be considered when assessing the quality of the air in an indoor environment, with an emphasis on clear definitions. Outlines the factors that determine IAQ and provides guidance on how to design an appropriate sampling strategy for organic compounds in the vapour phase. Reviews the present state of development of European and international standards for methods of measurement of indoor air pollutants.
Materials in the indoor environment are generally regarded as the sources of contaminants which affect air quality indoors. Broadly speaking the same mechanisms which determine the emission of contaminants from materials also determine the way contaminants in air are taken up by materials, i.e. the sink effect. The most dramatic effects of the sink effect occur when room air concentrations are rapidly changed, for example when chemicals are emitted from various activities such as painting, cooking smoking, the use of detergents or other household chemicals.
During the last two decades the significance of indoor environmental quality in buildings has been appreciated, not only in relation to thermal comfort, but also to indoor air quality. Ventilation is an important tool for securing both a good indoor climate and air quality. However, in buildings without mechanical ventilation and air conditioning systems (which comprise the majority in most European countries) natural ventilation presents the only means to satisfy indoor air quality needs.
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