measurement

The purpose of this study is to estimate the accuracy of the Supply Rate Fulfilment (SRF)value measured by using tracer gas on a test house. The SRF is intended to evaluate quantityindex and is defined as the ratio of the effective supply rate to the substantial required freshair supply rate. The procedures to measure the SRF value with use of tracer gas techniques,which are constant concentration method and constant injection method, were shown. TheSRF values of the each room in the test house were measured.

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of volatile organic compounds emissions from asolid flooring material on the concentration field in a ventilated room. A field study has beenconducted in the CSTB experimental house MARIA. Measurements were performed in a testroom recently equipped with a flooring material made of pine wood and under controlledventilation conditions. a-Pinene was selected as tracer from flooring VOC emissions. Velocityand temperature fields are measured in different points of the room.

The performance of a Personalized Ventilation (PV) system with regard to air qualityperceived by people was studied at three room temperature levels: 23, 26 and 29C. Thirtyhuman subjects participated in the experiment. The system supplied both isothermal (23, 26,29C) and non-isothermal (23C) outdoor air from an outlet attached to a moveable arm. Thesubjects were delegated with control of both airflow velocity and its direction. Physicalmeasurements performed with a breathing thermal manikin were used to explain the resultsfrom the human subject experiments.

A number of different thermal manikins have been applied in literature to experimentallystudy the indoor environment. These manikins differ in size, shape and level of geometriccomplexity ranging from simple box or cylinder shaped thermal manikins to humanlikebreathing thermal manikins. None of the reported studies, however, deals with the influenceof geometry of the thermal manikin.

The visual evaluation method has been created for a primary method to verify cleanliness ofHVAC system. The results of two simple measuring methods for thickness of dust and debriswere compared to accumulation values measured by vacuum sampling method. The thicknessof dust layer and the dust accumulation results correlated when the dust was homogeneousbut the correlation was poor if the quality of the dust varied. Both the field and laboratorystudies showed that a commercial contact method gave lower microbial counts than the swabmethod with cultivation.

In the present paper, the influence of the initial inclination angle of the jet on the efficiency ofa vertical downward air curtain is analysed. The air curtain device was mounted over anoverture, in the wall between two equal contiguous rooms, with the typical dimensions of adoor.

The objective of the present study is to apply and test a mathematical model for thedetermination of the strength of various indoor sources of ultra-fine particles (UFP), and thesink effect for such particles. The model is intended for further development in order to createa tool capable of predicting the concentrations of fine and ultra-fine particles in a room. Inputdata to the model are the ventilation rate, emission rates of ultra-fine particles from differentindoor sources and properties describing sink effects. Laboratory measurements of 10 indoorsources (e.g.

In a small case study involving an office room and a laboratory in a building equipped with aHVAC system VOC and particle samples were collected. Both rooms used for theexperiments were newly renovated and low, but measurable amounts of typical indoor VOCand SVOC were present in the air several weeks after finishing of the renovation work. TheVOC concentrations decreased slowly during the test period of 3 weeks.Particulate matter in the room air was characterized regarding the size distribution bySMPS.

The concentrations of ultra fine particles (UFPs) were measured in the medium-size city ofGothenburg, Sweden, in the large city of Copenhagen and at a rural site in Denmark. InGothenburg, field measurements were conducted both in several residential and officebuildings, while in Denmark measurements comprise two office buildings, one of themlocated at a rural site. Concentrations of UFPs were measured simultaneously indoors andoutdoors.

A study on pollutant dispersion and distribution inside public taxi transfer interchanges (TTIs)is reported. The pollutant levels inside TTIs are affected by many factors, for example, taxidata, climatic conditions, human activities and geometrical layout of TTIs. A sitemeasurement of respirable suspended particulate (RSP) level is carried out in a typical TTI inHong Kong. After analysing the effect of the above factors on RSP level, we propose to useartificial neural networks (ANNs) to study such phenomena.