model

The authors have developed a tool called SimSPARK able to automatically build dynamic zonal simulations of a building zone. In that study, SimSPARK architecture is described in details along with the current zonal model library. The applicability of this tool is also illustrated with the comparison of their zonal model in a ventilated room composed of 27 zones, with others models that don't include adsorption and desorption processes.

Generally the calculation methods ignore the interaction of air leakage and heat conduction in building envelope. The aim of this paper is to explore the different approaches that may be used to evaluate the energy impact of air infiltration through building walls and to compare those results with calculations done using the current method calculation.

For that study, a classroom was modelled and a comparison of the performances of a specific hybrid ventilation system with a traditional mechanical system in terms of thermal comfort, indoor air quality concerning the CO2 concentration and energy consumption was made. The experiment was performed in different French cities, it permitted to draw some conclusions about the potential of such an hybrid system according to the main climate characteristics.

This article is a study of the air quality at a bus terminal. Presence and concentration of indoor air quality indices were determined by field surveys and sampling. Bus emission rates, occupational exposure and ventilation requirements to have a correct indoor air quality were simulated by mathematical model.
The results show that the natural ventilation rates are too low for having a good indoor air quality, and that pollutants emission varies with the temperature.

This paper is the first part of a study on indoor emission sources models : 52 models of recent years are overviewed, each one is presented, with its validity, usefulness, limitation and flaw if necessary.

This study compares the contaminant concentration obtained from simple models with contaminant concentration fields obtained from CFD simulations, for various rooms and source configurations. Airflow and contaminant distributions were simulated.

An integrated IAQ model has been developed for prediction of Volatile Organic Compounds emission rate of building material and concentration distribution within a material.Experimental data have validated the model predictions. The results of the experiment tallied with the model predictions.

For that study, computer simulations and calculations of outdoor airflow rates and indoor air quality were made in parallel with site measurements in two Shanga office buildings equipped with typical Variable Air Volume systems.In addition to those site measurements, electrical consumption was recorded. Simulations and calculations of the electrical consumption and energy cost were performed.The site recorded data and the simulations results have been then compared and analyzed.

Many indoor models have been developed to describe thermal indoor discomfort, but are they relevant to outdoor or semi-outdoor environments ? They have not been yet critically validated . So, the thermal comfort of more than one thousand subjects living in outdoor and semi-outdoor locations in subtropical Sydney has been investigated by a questionnaire on the one hand and measured with micro-meteorological instruments.

This paper presents a case study : under extremely hot and arid climate, the thermal perception of 36 students has been tested. For the calculations, energy balance models of Fanger and Gagge et al. were used. There was a discrepancy between the observed and calculated values during daytime under extremely hot conditions.