Reviews the papers on air infiltration and ventilation research presented at the ASHRAE annual meeting held in Honolulu, Hawaii, in June 1985. The twelve most significant papers on multizone infiltration and air leakage are discussed at length and other infiltration-related papers mentioned. Authors' abstracts for the twelve symposium papers plus seven technical papers are presented.
Several infiltration models treat the complexity of air flows in multizone buildings, but most of them are written as research tools and are not generally available or user-friendly. Professional engineers and architects are in need of a simplified multizone infiltration model. This paper describes the first step in Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's development of a multizone infiltration model for calculating the air flow distribution of a building without using any iteration procedure.
Presents the results to date of the use of the multiple tracer gas technique to determine interzonal airflow and ventilation rates in large, multicelled buildings like offices. This work is part of a wider project designed toextend knowledge of natural ventilation in all types of buildings other than dwellings.
Errors resulting from treating a house as an enclosure surrounding a single, well-mixed volume of air are explored in detail for a ranch house with abasement. A fairly typical ventilation pattern is assumed and three quantities, the air exchange rate, the indoor pollutant concentration from a given emission, and the energy required to heat infiltrating air, are calculated and compared using both the one and two zone models for this house.In general, the errors were around 10-20% if the basement was included in the one zone models and 30-40% if the basement was neglected.
Reduction in air leakage rates due to weatherization of homes can be determined by fan pressurization and tracer gas techniques, but only the latter gives the results under normal occupancy conditions. Assessment of such rates measured before and after weatherization must consider their dependence on wind speeds and inside-outside temperature differences.
The manufacturing procedures and performance of a building air infiltration kit consisting of miniature passive perfluorocarbon tracer permeation sources and passive adsorption tube samplers are described.
The Brookhaven air infiltration measurement system (BNL/AIMS) uses a family of four passive perfluorocarbon tracer sources and miniature passive adsorbent samplers to inexpensively but very effectively tag individual zones within multizone buildings with uniquely discernible tracer vapors.
A steady state multi-cell calculation model has been developed in order to predict the interconnection between airtightness and ventilation rates. The model has been tested with measured leakage data of a detached house.
Infiltration models are used to simulate the rates of incoming and outgoing air flows for a building with known leakage under given weather and shielding conditions.
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