Various ventilation systems have been examined in unoccupied test houses under natural climatic conditions. Two identical test houses were used to enable comparison of the effects of different ventilating systems on the air change rate and heat consumption. The systems examined were natural ventilating devices placed in the window area and centralized and decentralized mechanical systems. With the decentralized systems, draughts were generally unavoidable. Heat recovery from exhaust air at an air change rate of 1.0 h-1 gave a measured heat consumption saving of about 16 per cent.
The installation of much tighter windows has led to reduced rates of natural ventilation in German dwellings. This has resulted in increased indoor air humidity and condensation formation on the inner surfaces of external building elements with thermal bridges. Notes the areas most at risk from condensation and mould, in particular corners of outside walls and along the ceiling angle.
Three blocks of flats on the outskirts of Worms were equipped with a mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery, a mechanical ventilation system, and stack assisted natural ventilation, respectively. Building description, air quality, air change rate, draught protection, noise level, energy balance, individual heating costs, efficiency calculations, planning and installation experience and user behaviour were studied. Systems with heat recovery were found to permit a 15-20 per cent reduction of heat consumption. User behaviour in opening windows is dependent on habit.
This study investigates the structure and availability of ventilation systems in domestic housing. A measurement programme of natural ventilation efficiency was carried out and evaluated. Mechanical ventilation systems were compared. Their suitability for efficient ventilation of various house types is discussed.
Recent work has demonstrated the existence of daily and seasonal cycles in attic moisture parameters. Over the course of a day, the attic air humidity may vary by a factor of three, and during the course of a winter there isstorage of perhaps
Presents the results to date of the use of the multiple tracer gas technique to determine interzonal airflow and ventilation rates in large, multicelled buildings like offices. This work is part of a wider project designed toextend knowledge of natural ventilation in all types of buildings other than dwellings.
The Brookhaven air infiltration measurement system (BNL/AIMS) uses a family of four passive perfluorocarbon tracer sources and miniature passive adsorbent samplers to inexpensively but very effectively tag individual zones within multizone buildings with uniquely discernible tracer vapors.
Outlines the foundations for calculating and designing natural ventilation: conditions for the building unit: technological prerequisites: components: sound insulation: calculation methods: fields of application: combination of mechanical and natural ventilation: and models for optimization of new buildings and for reconstructing factories.
The text of a paper on ventilation equipment and systems for existing air-tight houses, presented at the Bouwcentrum/Vakinfo one-day conference, Rotterdam, November 1, 1984. Treats the application of 1. natural ventilation systems with vertical ducts and adjustable openings, 2. the same with mechanical exhaust via kitchen, bathroom, and toilet, 3. mechanical supply to all rooms and exhaust via kitchen, bathroom, and toilet, 4. balanced supply and exhaust. Treats the possibility of the private buyer or tenant estimating the quality of the house.
Natural ventilation has a specific significance in creating a tolerable environment in manufacturing plants with high technological heat loads. Equations for the calculation of natural ventilation for single storey industrial halls are derived from the mesh procedure, as well as other solutions for other buildings. Guidelines are given for the draught-free introduction of supply air. Reference is made to other design possibilities for the natural ventilation of buildings.
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