This publication is intended to provide guidance on the nature and characteristics of pollutants in the outdoor air and how this impacts on indoor air quality. In particular, the document summarises the available knowledge to provide designers with information that will help in locating their ventilation inlets to minimise cross contamination from a range of polluting sources.
The keeping of animals in livestock buildings requires the ventilation of these buildings. Good climate conditions for the animals have to be guaranteed as well as little emissions and immissions from the livestock buildings. An important role for both of these opposite requirements plays the airstream inside and outside of the building. For this reason wind tunnel modelling and digital imaging by using a laser light sheet is applied beside other methods at the Institute of Agricultural Engineering Bornim.
A number of interzonal air flow models have been developed to calculate air flows and pollutant transport mechanisms in both single-zone and multizone buildings. The International Energy Agency's Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems program adopted a working group on multizone air flow modeling to study physical phenomena causing air flow and pollutant transport (e.g., moisture) in multizone buildings, develop numerical modules to be integrated into COMIS, and evaluate the computer code.
The goal of this work was to assess the performance of two common ventilation systems, an exhaust and an exhaust supply system, in Swedish apartment buildings. Since correct air-exchange and interzonal airflows are important for removing contaminants and improving indoor air quality, these airflows were analyzed by systematic computer calculations when selected input parameters were varied around their default values.
Concentration of pollutants produced by car traffic in a street below the roof level has large spatial variations. In a street, pollutants are diluted by the turbulent air flow which is induced by the wind speed above the roof level, and also produced by car displacement. The airflow structure is in relation with street size and building shape. Particularly strong gradients of concentrations can be observed vertically and also horizontally in front and along buildings where are set up ventilation inlets and windows.
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