simulation

A thermal simulation model and suitable weather data were used to generate design curves for the application of night ventilation cooling to office buildings. The work was carried out under the programme of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Annex 28 on 'Low Energy Cooling'. The generated curves show the potential reduction in internal peak day temperatures throughout the cooling season, the free cooling provided by night ventilation and the number of hours that a fan would run during the night for mechanical systems to achieve this free cooling.

Temperature and cooling demand in a room summertime are influenced by numerous factors,like internal gains, ventilation, solar gain, behaviour of occupants, thermal inertia of the roomand outdoor conditions (climate).The thermal environment and cooling demand summertime are often analysed using detailedcomputer programs, which take into account the factors mentioned above (among others).Often the overview, transparency and some of the physical insight is lost using these advancedcomputer programs.In a predesign phase of a project it is preferable to do simple calculations of the thermalbeha

A three-dimensional, large eddy simulation (LES) model developed for studying the transport of smoke and hot gases during a fire in an enclosure is described. The model uses finite difference techniques to solve the Navier-Stokes equations with an approach emphasizing high spatial resolution and efficient flow-solving techniques. The model uses the Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model. The LES model with Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model was applied to ventilation aiiflow in a three-dimensional room.

The two-dimensional, transient numerical model of heat and water vapor convection and diffusion during air exfiltration within fiberglass insulation, presented in Part /, is validated in Part II, with experimental data for temperature, moisture and frost accumulation, and heat flux. With a few exceptions, the simulation results and experimental data agree within the experimental uncertainty. Exfiltration airflow in the two-dimensional space showed strong entrance and exit effects for temperature, moisture and frost accumulation, and heat flux on the cold side.

This report is the third in a series produced for project 11621 "Night Cooling Control Strategies". The first report was a literature review of night cooling techniques, the second report detailed the results from case study buildings that were monitored in 1995 and this report includes the results of dynamic thermal simulation. APACHE thermal simulation software was used to model a basic representation of one of the case study buildings.

A new, integrated method to calculate the energy contribution of night ventilation techniques to the cooling load of a building is presented in this paper. The method is based on the principle of "Balance Point Temperature" and permits the calculation of the energy required to cool a building to acceptable comfort conditions when night ventilation techniques are used. It also permits the calculation of the energy contribution of night ventilated buildings compared to conventional air conditioned buildings.

This paper is describing the preliminary results of the Annex 27 work aiming at developing simplified tools for evaluating domestic ventilation systems. In this paper is given the tool to evaluate a system's ability to deal with different indoor air quality (IAQ) matters. In the work is used sophisticated simulation programs studying pollutant concentration either for each person or in an individual room. The evaluation is to be applied on houses that mainly are heated. This means that the tools are restricted to the heating season.

Within the framework of full-scale experimental validation of the global building energy simulation software programme CLIM2000 developed by Electricity Applications in Residential and Commercial Buildings Branch of Electricite De France (EDF is the French utility company) Research and Development Division, an experimentation has been carried out in a 100 m2 real house from Oct 95 to May 96. The first step was to predict in « blind way » the total electrical power consumption of the house on the basis of three different meteorological situations (cold, hot and medium).