The use of different HVAC system types for office buildings has been analysed within the European funded project EECCAC. This paper presents comments on 7 analysed HVAC system types.Energy performance and consumption are studied in depth (electric equipment, lighting, cooling, heating, fans and pumps)
The first part of this article insists on the importance of a good ventilation system (polluted air exhaust, humidity, filtration, VOCs exhaust). The second part deals with a test house, equipped with either decentralized or centralized ventilation system. CO2 and ventilation rate measurements being compared, the validation of a model for the determination of the indoor CO2 concentration levels in one room of the house has been made.
This paper is a presentation of a concept for a new automated tool that uses the capabilities of Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS). Some parts of the commissioning process can be automatized and can generate benefits over the whole life of a building.
A satisfying building commissioning depends on both using right models and using models right. Through 3 case studies, this paper shows how to use simulation models correctly, to commission HVAC systems.
Floor return (FR) type underfloor ventilation system was installed in the assembly hall of aprimary school in Hong Kong. Experimental investigations on the airflow and temperaturecharacteristics were conducted. Pollutant distributions were also measured with different freshair supply rates. Results reveal that the use of low momentum floor supply panels reduced therisk of draught discomfort and created a more significant temperature stratifications comparedto those with fan boosted type floor air terminals. Ventilation of polluted air was localized upto the occupants breathing level.
In this paper, the results of the elaboration of the experimental data from 1-year longmonitoring of the performances of an innovative HVAC system installed in a multi-roomscinema of the Warner Bros Village near Venice is presented. This system is based on a rooftopexpressly designed for cinemas applications.The behaviour is analysed to verify the machine design choices in terms of reliability,energy efficiency and comfort level achieved. The study confirms the validity of the designwhich characterizes this HVAC system.
The aim of the study was to develop solutions to the problems and deficiencies encountered inventilation systems of day care centres, and which were manifested as poor IAQ or excessiveenergy consumption in the buildings at the maintenance stage of their ventilation systems.During the afternoon rest hour the IAQ was monitored and other measurements of ventilationcapacity were made. The directors and maintenance personnel of the day care centres wereinterviewed and a questionnaire was presented to the staff.
The ventilation system of a hospital operating theatre is designed to provide a comfortable andhealthy environment for the patient and the surgical team. A healthy environment can beachieved by minimizing the risk of contamination through an appropriate filtration and airdistribution scheme. The design and construction of operating theatres in Hong Kong,including the upgrading of the older ones, are based on the UK Health Building Notes andHealth Technical Memoranda.
This paper deals with a pilot study in portable classrooms where neither adequate ventilation nor associated conditioning of indoor air for occupant comfort were provided. Concentrations of pollutants should be mitigated with an appropriate ventilation and should lead to a reduction of symptoms of "sick building syndrome"
The focus of this paper is on cost effectiveness of remedial measures for existing buildings in order to reduce high summer time indoor temperatures. A typical Finnish office building was selected for the analysis. The cost items included in the analysis are: the capital cost of the remedial measure (increase of ventilation, mechanical cooling added in central air handling unit), cost of the used energy (heat and electricity), and the cost of deteriorated productivity due to high temperatures.
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