wall

Contains articles on rain penetration and moisture damage in residential construction, moisture sources in houses, control of surface and concealed condensation, and ventilation of houses. Illustrates the various types of condensation problems that may occur, explains the active processes involved in some of these problems and discusses in detail the principal factors surrounding these phenomena i.e. sources of moisture, choice of construction detail, and current ventilation practice.

Describes in detail a computer-based technique for predicting the risk of condensation occurring in building structures. The technique not only indicates the position at which condensation is likely to occur, but also puts a figure on the risk of decay in timber within the structure. In the case of ventilated roofs or walls it gives the minimum sizes for ventilation openings.

Outlines the fundamentals of insulation and airtightness, proper air quality, and ventilation. Presents details of design and construction for walls, roofs, foundations, windows, and air-vapour barriers, as well as discussions of ventilation systems, heating systems, appliances and methods of testing and evaluation. One of the appendices gives weather data for selected US and Canadian cities. Aims to be accessible to the interested layperson or homeowner.

Current moisture analysis methods for walls ignore air leakage effects or are not directly applicable to multilayered walls. Mathematical equations were developed for water vapour flow, vapour pressures, and moisture accumulation under steady state conditions with homogeneous one dimensional air flow through a multilayered wall.

Discusses insulation of lofts, roofs, walls, windows and floors, natural ventilation of dwellings and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery in dwellings. Considers cost benefits of weatherstripping and constant-flow ventilators for naturally ventilated houses. Concludes that installation of mechanical ventilation with heat recovery is uneconomic, but adding a heatexchanger to an existing mechanical ventilation system has economic benefits.

With correct application of vapour barriers the ventilation of building structures is in general not necessary, unless such barriers prevent the escape of trapped moisture from moisture-sensitive - especially organic - materials. Indoor and outd

This survey describes how external walls and joints are constructed in practice. The paper gives you an opportunity to compare how successful the implementation of airtightness has been in Sweden in comparison with the results presented in the report D2:1983 "Air infiltration control ..." by A Elmroth and P Levin. The survey covers the majority of all Swedish prefabricated single family houses constructed in 1984. All big prefabrication companies are included in the survey.

Distinguishes two categories of leaks in buildings for cold storage. Thermal leaks through parts of the construction with poor thermal insulation and air leaks through openings in the walls allowing a more or less free flow of air. Outlines principles of infrared radiation and thermography. Discusses applications for both types of leaks. Under the conditions of high emissivity of the surface to be studied, and absence of local heating or cooling (sun,wind, rain), thermography is an effective method for the detection of thermalleaks and a powerful tool for localizing air leaks.

Deals with a code providing directives for design and construction of cold stores, drafted by the Foundation for Development of Refrigeration Technique (Stiftung Ontwikkeling Koeltechniek). Gives threshold values for admissible pressure difference and admissible measure of non-tightness, and values forthe required pressure equalizing opening, depending on nature and size of the cold room.

Reports the result of investigation of the impact of various operational factors on trace combustion products emission rates from unvented gas appliances including ranges and space heaters. The impact of the following factors on the indoor NO, NO2 and CO emission rates were evaluated under controlled conditions in an environmental chamber - 1) the appliance typeand/or design, 2) the primary aeration level, 3) the fuel input rate, 4) the time dependence of emission rates, and 5) the presence of absorbing surfaces such as wood, plaster board, curtains, carpets, linoleum and plaster.