Reports measurement of wind pressures on Royex House, a multi-storey building in London. Reports that suction loads on cladding are more severe than had been indicated by wind tunnel tests. Face-on winds produce the maximum structural loading with whole of peak load on windward face.
Reports wind measurements made on a multi-storey building. Gives contours of overall pressure coefficients and wind velocity profiles. Compares results with series of wind-tunnel model tests and finds full-scale measurements were quite different from model tests. In an attempt to gain greater physical insight into the problem tests were made on a two-dimensional bluffplate immersed in a turbulent boundary layer. Finds correlation of drag coefficient with boundary layer parameters for quasi-equilibrium type layers.
Presents measurements of the mean and fluctuating pressure field acting on two-dimensional square cylinder in uniform and turbulent flows. Shows the addition of turbulence to the flow raises the base pressure and reduces thedrag of the body. Suggests this is attributable to the manner in which increased turbulence intensity thickens the shear layers, which causes them tobe deflected by the downstream corners of the body and results in the downstream movement of the vortex formation region.
Describes both the macro and micro meteorological structure of strong winds in the earths boundary layer. Discusses the wind speed spectrum, characteristics of mean flow and gustiness and the structure of turbulence. Concludes that almost all theproperties of the wind that might be needed in structural design can be estimated from the mean-wind field and the groundroughness. Suggests areas for further research.
Discusses pressure distribution on buildings. Describes wind tunnel tests on model buildings. Pressure distribution on walls were measured in a constant velocity field and in anartificially produced velocity gradient. Discusses results and deduces rules by which pressure distribution and wind loads can be predicted for buildings in any specified wind field. Changes in the flow pattern due to the velocity distribution were observed and correlated with the pressure distribution.
Due to the complicated flow phenomenon in urban areas, the assessment of wind pressure forces as well as the rates of natural ventilation for groups of low rise buildings is complex. As a result, the current design methods for the prediction of these forces are oversimplified and lead to inaccurate estimates of wind forces and ventilation rates in buildings. A survey of previous studies regarding wind properties and their influence on pressure forces along with work related to natural ventilation, wind loading and air flow round buildings was carried out.
Examines the conditions that develop inside an enclosure subjected to wind pressures, by analogy with a rectangular box held motionless in a stream of water. Finds that internal static pressures may rise by as much as the value of the impinging air velocity pressure. Tight interior partitions result in a series of descending pressure zones from windward to leeward.
Describes main features of full-scale wind load tests made on Royex House, an 18-storey office block in London. Wind tunnel tests were made on a model of the building and the results compared. Concludes that wind load on building is almost entirely on the windward wall, short duration gusts are significant in loading the building. Finds reasonably close agreement between wind tunnel and full scale tests in the matter of overall drag coefficient, but an assessment of the pressure distribution on the surface of a building requires a model with permeable walls.
Describes series of wind tunnel investigations leading to development of a procedure for estimating wind pressure forces on low-rise building which is part of a large group of similar buildings. Procedure takes account of geometrical form of building, spacing of buildings, direction of wind and upstream fetch conditions. Gives estimated value as pressure coefficient which may be determined graphically.
Describes a pressure transducer which was specially developed to measure wind pressures exerted in buildings. The instrument, which gives an electrical output, is suitable for measuring pressure in the range of 1200 n/m2. The frequency response enables pressure fluctuations lasting only 0.1 s to be recorded.
Login