There are several reports on studies of wind tunnel experiments and calculations on the response of air flow at an opening against the periodic variation of wind velocity and pressure. In these studies, the fluctuating components of natural wind velocity have been treated definitely. In this paper, theoretically derives the probability density function from a probabilistic model of wind velocity around the buildings, the consequent wind pressure, and the resulting ventilation rate and contamination concentration.
Makes an experimental investigation of the distribution of pressure differences across the walls of a 20-storey student residence building at the University of Ottawa. Measures the wind velocity at the test building as well as the temperature distributions both inside and outside the building.
Presents and discusses mean pressure coefficients averaged over the entire side of a building, obtained from measurements made on models of rectangular flat-roofed buildings made in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Describes measurement technique and data collection. Pressure coefficients based on either a local reference wind speed or a reference wind speed measured at the level of the building have been computed. Gives example and a comparison with existing building codes and standards.
Presents results of measurements of ventilation rates in the SEGAS test house. Describes the house and its heating and mechanical ventilation systems. Measurements of ventilation rates were made using helium as a tracer gas. Tests were made both with the house sealed to block obvious paths of infiltration and with it unsealed. Tests were also made with the house mechanically ventilated and with supply and extract systems working. Presents results of tests and examines the effect of variation in mean wind speed on ventilation rates.
Presents an evaluation of three proposals for the town plan for the Bulltofta district in Malmo in relation to the wind-induced energy losses. Analyses the wind statistics for the particular region and assesses the effects on energy consumption of winds from different directions. Evaluates the suitability of the various town plan proposals in relation to particular high energy loss inducing winds, making allowance for the overall exposure to sun and wind, the surface/volume ratio, building density and building heights.
Presents a simple model for the calculation of wind induced ventilation. The model requires as input, pressure coefficient data, wind direction, and the open areas for each element of the building. Gives an example of the model applied to a model livestock building. Gives flow chart and listing of computer program. Note model does not include temperature effects.
Examines the problem of defining a mean wind speed which reflects the general characteristics of the surrounding terrain for the particular case of the area around Sheffield University. This problem has arisen in connection with the data analysis procedures for a full-scale wind force measurement project where a reference wind speed is required for data presentation.< Compares the mean wind structure over the area, taken from wind tunnel models with an analysis of data from three anemometers on site.
Reports daily run-of-wind measurements, made for 3 years at distances of 3.5 h and 7 h to leeward of a 7-row shelterbelt about 6m.high. After elimination of variations in wind direction, the monthly values of relative shelter at these positions showed no evidence of an increase with time. The variations in wind direction were eliminated by regressions of monthly values of relative shelter on the monthly percentage frequency of effective winds, i.e. winds from the normal windward side of the shelterbelt.
Suggests use of windbreaks to protect solar collectors and open air swimming pools and to protect buildings from the wind, thus contributing significantly to energy savings. Provides detailed knowledge concerning operation and effects of windbreaks: aerodynamic characteristics, effect of porosity of a windbreak on reduction of wind speed, effect of height and length, angle of incidence of the wind, effects of wind speed, ruggedness of the terrain and thermal stability of the atmosphere.
Reports research undertaken to find the effect of a continuous sheathing board and skirting on the infiltration rate in a mobile home. Two mobile homes were tested, one equipped with sheathing board, and one caulked at structural joints.
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