The paper describes the characteristics of different types of pollutant sources in the way that they are experienced in a fixed locality in an urban area. The locality in this sense can also be a building or part of a building (a ventilation inlet for example). The most important parameter is the distance of the polluting source and therefore the characteristic features of sources at different distances are discussed.
Grilningen primary school near Zurich, Switzerland, was built 20 years ago, and energy consumption, in particular for heating and lighting, was unnecessarily high. An unconventional retrofitting procedure involving new chip-wood furnace, interior insulation, mass-coupled ventilation and controlled artificial lighting was adopted. The work was carried out without interruption of normal school operation. The results are very promising and measurements indicate a drop in heat consumption of 70% with standards of comfort raised considerably.
The most critical aspect of the operation of any air-distribution system is the way that conditioned air is delivered to the occupied space, says Paul Jones
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