English

This paper describes the results of a computational study on the feasibility of cooling houses in the Netherlands with a system consisting of a heat exchanger in the soil, a heat pump, and a low temperature heating system.

This paper deals with the use of computer simulations both for design support of a new building including its heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and for optimization of the HVAC control strategy during operation of the completed building. In the early design phases for a new commercial building in Prague computer simulations were carried out in view of possible effects of night cooling ventilation.

This paper presents the performance of a computer simulation code for modelling the evaporative cooling of buidings by water spray vaporization, bring together the scales of the droplet, spray and building. The capability of the models to predict evaporation and building behavior was examined in a series of parametric tests. The parametric explorations have served to demonstrate that the model is sufficiently consistent and react qualitatively well to variations of input parameters. 

This paper presents the results of a case study in which Low Temperature radiators, High Temperature radiators and floor heating systems are compared using a TRNSYS16-model of a typical erraced house. The influence of radiant heating on temperature control is investigated as is the introduction of an outside temperature sensor, insulation around piping, different boiler types and temperature profiles, such as night set back. 

CFD calculations on night cooling by natural ventilation have been carried out for two different opening geometries: 1) a set of panels and 2) a 'parallel window'. Ventilation rates for these geometries have also been measured in a research facility. A considerable amount of scatter is found in the measurements, due to limitations of the experimental set-up.

This paper presents CFD simulations of natural displacement ventilation airflows in which the buoyancy force produced by a heat source is opposed by a wind force. Cases investigated focus on wind buoyancy force relationships for which a two-layer stratification is maintained. CFD predictions of the position of the interface separating the two layers and the change in reduced gravity (temperature difference) between them are compared with the analytical work and salt-bath measurements of Hunt and Linden (2000, 2005).

This paper studies in three-dimension the coupled convective and radiative heat transfer rate from a window surface with adjacent aluminium venetian blind using commercially available CFD software. The flow patterns (temperature and velocity fields) and convective heat transfer coefficient were investigated for different blade angles (00, 450, -450, 800) for both summer and winter conditions. Comparisons were made with available experimental and other theoretical research. The results of this paper indicate that heat transfer between window and indoor air is influenced significantly by the

There is a strong demand for accurate moisture modelling since moisture poses a risk for both the constructions and the indoor climate. Thus, in this investigation there is special focus on moisture modelling. The paper describes a new model based on a CFD tool that is enhanced to include both detailed modelling of airflows in rooms and heat and moisture transfer in walls by applying them as fluid walls. In a 3D configuration the impact of different boundary conditions are investigated and the results are discussed.

In the world-wide scale outbreak of SARS in 2003, cluster of cases occurred in large building blocks, especially in Hong Kong. In this paper, we will examine one of the most likely virus-spread mechanisms, which is related to the inter-flat or inter-zonal air flow through open windows caused by buoyancy effects. Both tracer gas technique and CFD(computational fluid dynamics) techniques are employed to quantify the amount of the exhaust air coming out of the upper part of the window of a floor that re-enters the lower part of the open window at the immediate upper floor.

In a survey recently conducted by ECN and the University of Utrecht in The Netherlands [Visscher, Oonk et al, 2004]), several potential thermo chemical materials (TCM's) for seasonal storage of solar heat were determined.