English

The purpose of this paper is to review the existing material emission models, as well as to analyze the experimental methods. It was found that existing physical mdoels for describing VOC emission from dry building materail can be classified as one-phase models and multi-phase models. Further detailed analysis showed that these models could be converted from one form into another as long as the linear sorption isotherm is used in both approaches.

A fast and efficient computational model based on the method of proper orthogonal decomposition , POD, is developed to predict indoor airflows. This model has been applied successfully to a canonical office room, which is mechanically ventilated and air conditioned. The results suggest that the model can be applied quickly and efficiently to predict the indoor velocity and temperature distributions inside the office, for conditions other than those used in forming the base cases of the POD scheme, with a reliability of R2 > 0.98.

This paper presents the development of an intermediate model between CFD models and well-mixed models, the integrated zonal model (IZM) , to predict three-dimensional airflow, temperature, and VOC concentration distributions within a room. The IZM integrated a zonal model with a three-dimensional air jet model and a three-dimensional building material VOC emission/sink model.

This paper uses computational fluid dynamics (FD) modeling to assess the accuracy of the simplified frame cavity conduction/convection models presented in ISO 15099 and used in software for rating and labeling window products. Three representative complex cavity cross-section profiles with varying dimensions and aspect ratios are examined.

The central thrust of this paper is to provide automation and control design guidance for engineers considering dedicated outdoor air systems (DOAS) operating in parallel with ceiling radiant cooling panel systems (CRCP) in nonresidential commercial and institutional applications. The paper identifies the issues that must be addressed in the design of the control system and illustrates that the controls need not be complicated. The simplicity of the controls is demonstrated via a case study of an existing DOAS-CRCP facility.

An experimental program was initiated to determine the friction factor in a straight duct and the loss coefficient of either a single elbow or two elbows places in close proximity. The tests were performed in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE standard 120-1999. Loss coefficients C were measured for six kinds of single elbows. Likewise , identical pairs of elbows were considered in the close-coupled elbow experiments.

This paper presents results from European Union projects on ductworlk quality tightness. The projects were done in Sweden, Belgium, and France. The tightness on a large number of ductwork installations in the three countries was compared and it was found that there is a tremendous difference in tightness.

This paper reports the relative energy consumption of prototype VAV and CAV air-conditioning systems under various load conditions simulating those of a typical office building in humid tropical climates such as Singapore's. Tests were conducted inside two adjoining environmental chambers where space loading was varied from 0.217 to 0.295 kW/m2 with corresponding sensible heat ratio ranging from 0.65 to 0.9.

This paper discusses the development of a methodology to quantify window performance on human thermal comfort with eight case studies of different window systems. The methodology is based on the Building Comfort Analysis Program that was developed during ASHRAE research projects 657 and 907.

This paper discusses the development of a methodology to quantify the impact of fenestration systems on human thermal comfort with a representative case study. The methodology is based on the Building Comfort Analysis Program that was developed during ASHRAE research projects 657 and 907.