A Fundamental Study on the Air Flow Structure of Outflow Openings

A Local Dynamic Similarity Model, applicable to dynamic similarity of cross-ventilation, has been applied to outflow openings. Cross-ventilation performance at the openings on the outflow side has been evaluated, and the structure of air flows around the outflow openings has been studied by LES and wind tunnel experiments. It was found that LES reproduces the wind tunnel experiment results fairly well, such as the extensive increase of discharge coefficient in a small region where dimensionless room pressure, PR*, is low. The evaluation of the pressure field by LES revealed that the remainder of the dynamic pressure in the air flows and the change of the pressure field around the outflow openings have a strong influence on the discharge coefficient. Furthermore, by identifying the configuration of the stream tube of the ventilation air low, it was found that the discharge coefficient is changed depending on how the air flows exit. In general, dynamic pressure, Pt, tangential to the wall surface at the outflow openings is considered to be lower than that at the inflow side. The occurrence frequency of PR* was investigated by a full-scale experiment, and it was elucidated that the region of PR* where the discharge coefficient is extensively decreased develops only very rarely.