hospital

An increasing incidence of 'building illness' is being noted among white-collar workers due to the high pollutant content of air in modern energy-efficient office buildings. 

Smoke control makes use of mechanical fans to produce airflows and pressure differences to control smoke movement. Describes one day of tests of the smoke control systems at the 6-storey VA hospital, San Diego, California. 

A major research endeavour has been initiated to establish the extent to which prevailing ventilation codes for American hospitals should be revised to achieve the dual purpose of improving the patient care environment and increasing the energy efficiency of health care institutions. Accomplishments during the first year of this study and the activities planned for continuing investigations are the subject of this presentation.

In addition to air quality problems encountered in other sealed buildings, both workers and patients in hospitals may be exposed to very special air contaminant problems. Levels and ranges of a variety of chemical pollutants measured in 16 h

Using meteorological and physical data, a model simulating pressure and air mass flow distribution in buildings was produced using the method of non-linear networks. It was used to study wind and buoyancy effects on mechanically ventilated buildings. Contents include: natural ventilation in high rise buildings with and without air-handling equipment, a study of a hospital, and calculation of the annual heat load for ventilation.

Using meteorological and physical data, a model simulating pressure and air mass flow distribution in buildings was produced using the method of non-linear networks. It was used to study wind and buoyancy effects on mechanically ventilated buildings. Calculations were made for a naturally ventilated high rise building for varying permeability distributions and air flow resistances of the building envelope, using data from real buildings and from previous cases described in the literature.

Summarises in tables the energy consumptions of a block of flats and a single house demonstrating how the share of energy consumed for fresh air heating and domestic hot water supply increases significantly in line with improved thermal insulation.

After a brief treatment of the ideas and aspects that play a role in ventilation, gives a general outline of chosen investigation methods, with a concise review of apparatus and calculation models used. Presents a review of the ventilation investigations carried out by IMG-TNO during the last 10 years in factories, labs, hospitals, auction halls etc.

Reports on symposium in Belgrade, 1978, on the consequences of blocked and contaminated ventilation ducts. Notes current research by Swedish Building Research Council into hospital ventilation systems and other work on aspects of contamination and its effect on efficiency. Also reports on investigations into ventilation in housing. Diagrams illustrate various parameters and the effect of cleaning and contamination on airflow and efficiency. Considers economic periodicity of cleaning. Stresses importance of cleaning heat exchangers. Article concludes with a subject bibliography.

A short treatment of the concepts and aspects that play a role in ventilation is followed by a brief description of the investigation methods employed. Gives a concise survey of the equipment and mathematical models used. Reviews the ventilation research carried out by the IMG-TNO. Covers factories, laboratories, hospitals, auction halls and similar buildings.