In dwellings there is a desire to reduce ventilation heat loss, by reducing uncontrollable air infiltration, at the same time as providing adequate indoor air quality by controllable background ventilation. In England and Wales, the background ventilation requirements in part F of the Building Regulations at present are expressed in prescriptive terms. The adopted European Standard, EN13141-1:2004, provides a means of assessing the performance of background ventilation devices, such as trickle ventilators, and gives a standard method of measuring the equivalent area of the ventilator.
The term air conditioning not only prescribes comfort temperature and relative humidity, but also the quality of air inside the room. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has become a concomitant of air conditioning. The pollutants generated inside the room affect the quality of air inside the room. The major pollutants considered are occupant generated (carbon dioxide - CO2, odour), sulphur dioxide and toluene etc. The monitoring and controlling of all pollutants is cumbersome.
The present paper aims at investigating the indoor air quality in fifteen school buildings located in the greater Athens area. Experimental investigations were performed in fifteen different school classrooms and the concentration levels of various pollutants such as CO2, CO, TVOC, HCHO, and radon, were measured. Moreover, the experimental investigation included measurements of several environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and air velocity inside each classroom, while ventilation was examined by estimating the air changes using the tracer gas technique.
The Austrian Radon Project (ARP) is aimed to investigate and measure systematically the indoorradon concentration in about 0.5% of all Austrian homes. With the information from this surveyareas of enhanced indoor radon concentration can be identified and people living in such areasshould be encouraged to mitigate their homes. The radon potential is introduced by normalizingthe observed radon data to a standard situation. By mapping the radon potential an overview on thegeological risk for enhanced indoor radon concentrations will be available.
Recent studies show that improving indoor air quality (IAQ) from the mediocre level prevalent in manybuildings worldwide improves the performance of office work by adults and the performance ofschoolwork by children. These results constitute a strong incentive for providing indoor air of a qualitythat is better than the minimum levels required by present standards.
A desiccant air-conditioning system has been suggested as being suitable to improve indoor air qualitydue to its superior humidity control. However, this system has the drawback of being less energyefficient, so it is typically used in conjunction with co-generation systems or solar heating systems toimprove its energy efficiency. In previous studies, we proposed a new type of desiccant air-conditioningsystem combined with a CO2 heat pump, and studied its applicability through experiments andsimplified calculations.
This study explored the reduction effect of indoor pollutants by the kinds of plant. The effect of reducingthe concentration of air contaminants by three species of plants was studied in a full-scale mock-upmodel. Aglaonema brevispathum, Pachira aquatica and Ficus benjamiana were used. Their positionsand amount were controlled. Field measurements were performed in models where the plants wereplaced and were not. The dimensions of the two models were equal.
The growth of automobile population in Kuala Lumpur is an important issue for car parking spacesespecially commercial buildings. The large multi storey and underground car parks seem to offer goodsolution nowadays. Undeniably, indoor air quality (IAQ) is a vital element in the underground car park. Itis so important due to its effects to the human beings.
To reduce the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde emitted frombuilding materials and furnishings, it has been suggested that new buildings undergo a bake-out.According to the existing studies [3, 4], ventilation during a bake-out is believed to be essential forreducing the concentration of indoor air pollutants. For a practical use of bake-out, several ventilationstrategies such as natural and mechanical ventilation can be considered.
The purpose of this investigation is to know the present status of indoor air chemical pollution byVOCs in Japanese houses. The concentrations of formaldehyde, toluene, xylene, ethyl-benzene,styrene and acetaldehyde were measured in ten thousand built houses from 2000 to 2005. And thefollowing results were obtained. In 2000, the indoor concentrations of formaldehyde exceeded theguideline established by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japanese Government at thepercentage of 27%. And In the case of toluene the percentage was 12 %.
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