The field modelling technique for predicting the temperature distribution and smoke movement in enclosures containing a fire source is validated against experiments carried out in a fully instrumented sports building covered by anair supported dome. The building is oval in plan and the dome has an ellipsoidal shape. A 2MW methanol pool fire located centrally on the floor of the building was used to obtain detailed measurements of temperature at a number of locations. The mathematical model simulates the transient problemin three dimensions using two different finite volume grids.
The objective of this paper is to present validated mathematical models for estimation of hourly and daily solar irradiation on surfaces of arbitrary orientation and tilt from irradiation on a horizontal plane. Daily irradiation on a surface may still be estimated even if only the hours of sunshine are known. To do this regression equations have been established to estimate the hourly or daily diffuse irradiation, given the corresponding horizontal global irradiation.
When carrying out pressure tests of models of multi-story buildings in The Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel, the external mean and RMS pressures are measured at 400 to 800 different locations over the building surface. The tests are originally carried out in order to determine the net wind loads for the design of cladding and glazing, but the results can also be used to estimate the internal pressures, and then calculate the air infiltration. Two mathematical models are used to estimate the wind-induced air infiltration in three multi-story buildings.
Measurements of air flow and microorganism concentration have been made in the stair shafts of a hospital, using a diving bell-type of pressure-recording instrument, and a sampler for the microorganisms, respectively. Results of experiments were used to calculate the flow rate of microorganisms between the floors of the hospital. A mathematical model based on simplified transport equations is proposed, which would allow the prediction of the flow field and the distribution of microorganisms in the stair shaft.
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