Compares and contrasts different methods of ventilation measurement in large buildings. Conventional methods of using tracer gas to measure ventilation rates in large volumes are cumbersome and expensive. These constant concentration and decay measurements require artificial mixing, complex monitoring equipment and large installation costs. By using discrete injection and sampling units, long term samples of tracer gas be collected with the minimum of capital and installation costs. Samples collected represent the mean local equilibrium tracer gas concentrations.
A short treatment of the concepts and aspects that play a role in ventilation is followed by a brief description of the investigation methods employed. Gives a concise survey of the equipment and mathematical models used. Reviews the ventilation research carried out by the IMG-TNO. Covers factories, laboratories, hospitals, auction halls and similar buildings.
Describes pressurization tests conducted by the National Testing Institute on 3 large industrial buildings. Sets out equipment and methods used including atracer gas method to calculate air flow through the fan rather than the usual measuring duct. Gives construction and volume details of buildings measured.
The report aims to provide the basis for the design and set up of experiments for the evaluation of the effects of energy conservation measures in residential buildings. The first part deals with general planning of the experiment, basic principles of building physics, thermal comfort and energy related behaviour of occupants. The second part decribes the design of the experiment, and the third part is devoted to measurement techniques, data acquisition and installation rules in the different fields of building physics and heating systems.
Grab sampling of a tracer gas/air mixture in conjunction with the tracer gas decay technique is a convenient method for conducting a survey of air infiltration rates in homes. Examines such a method, using SF6 as the tracer gas and storing the concentration in evacuated glass tubes.
Describes some new theoretical and experimental techniques developed by British Gas to investigate the ventilation of buildings. These include:< 1. The multi-cell model "vent" for predicting ventilation rates< 2. "Autovent", the multi-cell constant concentration tracer gas technique used for measuring ventilation patterns in buildings.< 3. Pressurization techniques for measuring air leakage in buildings.< Gives a selection of results from applications of these techniques to show their scope.
Presents various measurement and inspection techniques for assessing the thermal performance of the exterior envelopes of buildings. Inspection techniques include the use of ground-based infra-red thermographic surveys, aerial infra-red surveys, tracer gas air infiltration measurements, pressurization tests for measuring the tightness of the building envelope, and spot radiometer surveys for detecting gross defects. Also considers heat flow meters, a portable calorimeter and a microprocessor-driven envelope testing unit. Provides recommended procedures for each technique.
Describes methods for measuring air flow rates and air velocities in buildings, with the aim of formulating identical rules within the Nordic countries for the inspection and adjustment of ventilation systems.
Describes method which permits long term tracer gas measurements in several separate rooms simultaneously. The method employs a fully automated constant concentration system developed at the laboratory for building physics at the Swedish Institute for Materials Testing. Describes measurement principles andpractice.
Login