The impact of the radiation absorbed by room air moisture 011 heat transfer and air temperature distribution was investigated. Both analytical and CFO approaches were used. For large spaces such as atria, industrial workshops, hotel lobbies, and aircraft hangers, the neglect of radiation absorbed by the moisture within the air volume can lead to significant errors.
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) conducted a series of attic research projects from 1988to1997. Initially, there were few field test data to substantiate how attics dealt with air and moisture transfer. The CMHC research developed a test protocol for attic airtightness and air change testing and then proceeded to field testing of a variety of attics in different climatic areas. An attic model, ATTIX, was referenced against test hut data and used to simulate attic performance across Canada.
In the last decade, public awareness of the greenhouse effect has pushed the building sector toward higher energy efficiencies. This move has had consequences for roofs with a cathedral ceiling. AU-factor in the vicinity of 0.2 W/(m2·K) instead of 0. 6 W/(m2· K) became the new target value. The move toward such a low U-factor for cathedral ceilings was evaluated in an extended test house program.
Wintertime window condensation problems were reported on the top two floors of a five-story, multi-unit residential building in central New York (7200, base 65° F heating degreedays ). Initially built as a five-story brick hotel at the turn of the century, the building was rehabbed into low-income apartments in the early 1990s. Ventilation in each unit consisted of operable windows and a single bath exhaust. Condensation on windows was severe enough to support fungal contamination in the first winter of occupancy.
One of the major factors in human comfort is the air quality, which occupies a specific environment and is usually renewed through natural ventilation. However, isolated underground spaces do not benefit from this factor and are often subject to high relative humidity, poor air quality, pollutant emissions and penetration of moisture from the surrounding soil and ground base. Due to such negative characteristics, underground spaces are generally recognized as undesirable living environments by most of Koreans.
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