Methods of controlling indoor air pollution include control, air cleaning and dilution with uncontaminated air. Assessment of the amount of ventilation necessary depends on the extent of pollution, which has increased as new pollutants are identified and new materials are used. This has lead to thereexamination of ventilation standards and their underlying rationale.
R-2000 Homes have specific requirements for mechanical ventilation, usually incorporating heat recovery ventilators. Performance testing was carried out on 12 residential heat recovery ventilators in 1984, representing the range of equipment
Discusses the current standards regarding indoor climate produced by ASHRAE, ISO and NKB. The parameters effecting thermal comfort and air quality are outlined.
Compares the guidelines for indoor air quality and minimum ventilation rates outlined in the DIN 1946 and ASHRAE standards. Discusses air quality-controlled ventilation. Outlines the principles and standards governing both natural ventilation and controlled ventilation with heat recovery in residential buildings.
Discusses ventilation requirements to achieve acceptable air quality. In many cases, this would lead to unacceptable energy costs, so instead recommends setting standards for heat-exchanger systems, for filters that can control particulates, hydrocarbons and radon gas, and for details such as flow direction and system maintenance. Also standards for 'pollustat' systems should be encouraged by which four surrogate pollutant levels would be kept below suggested threshold levels in all conditions of building use and occupancy.
The air exchange rate and total heat loss were measured in 11 detached dwellings to find the relationship between measured and calculated transmission heat loss factors based on standard Norwegian calculation methods. For 9 houses the measurements were done under stable climatic conditions. Air change rate varied between 0.2 and 0.7 ach with an average value of 0.45 ach. These measurements, together with several others, confirm that the Norwegian Standard (NS3031) for calculation of the transmission heat losses is reasonably correct.
Regulations relating to building design, construction and occupancy in the various States of the USA are examined to assess the technical bases for their ventilation provisions and to determine if they permit innovation in indoor air quality technology.
Covers the factors affecting air infiltration and indoor air quality, the utility of existing air infiltration models, and the ideal and practical requirements of a relevant indoor air quality model that could be used as a tool for management of atmosphere in tightly enclosed residential spaces.
The current industry standard for measuring air leakage of windows, curtain walls, and doors is ASTM E283. This test measures the ability of fenestration products to resist air leakage under ideal laboratory conditions which usually are at s
Specific indoor air quality issues that have arisen in the UK in recent years have involved asbestos, formaldehyde, pesticide residues, radon and combustion products. Different measures have been taken with regard to each of these substances. In general, an education approach has been adopted, although national standards, industry self-regulation and some regulatory measures have been used. In the UK, control of ill defined, distributed or non stationary indoor air pollutants such as body odour, tobacco smoke and water vapour, is considered to be best achieved by suitable ventilation.
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